THE ORIGIN OF THE HUMAN BODY 323 



fossil ape Dryopithecics, while the skull is less antique and in- 

 dubitably human. The following abstract of Hrdlicka's view 

 is given in Science, May 4, 1923: "Dr. Hrdlicka," we read, 

 "holds that the Piltdown jaw is much older than the skull 

 found near it and to which it had been supposed to belong." 

 (Cf. suppl. X.) Hrdlicka asserts that, from the standpoint 

 of dentition, there is a striking resemblance between the Pilt- 

 down jaw and that of the extinct ape Dryopithecus rhenarms. 

 He comments, in fact, on "the close relation of the Piltdown 

 molars to some of the Miocene or early Pliocene human-like 

 teeth of this fossil ape." {Ibidem.) Still other authorities, 

 however, have claimed that the jaw was that of a chimpanzee. 

 To conclude, therefore, the Eoanthropus Dawsoni is an in- 

 vention, and not a discovery, an artistic creation, not a speci- 

 men. Anyone can combine a simian mandible with a human 

 cranium, and, if the discovery of a connecting link entails no 

 more than this, then there is no reason why evidence of human 

 evolution should not be turned out wholesale. 



(4) The Neanderthal Man (No. 1): The remains of the 

 famous Neanderthal Man were found in August, 1856, by two 

 laborers at work in the Feldhofer Grotte, a small cave about 

 100 feet from the Diissel river, near Hochdal in Germany. 

 This cave is located at the entrance of the Neanderthal gorge 

 in Westphalia, at a height of 60 feet above the bottom of the 

 valley. No competent scientist, however, saw the bones in 

 situ. Both the bones and the loam, in which they were en- 

 tombed, had been thrown out of the cave and partly precipi- 

 tated into the ravine, long before the scientists arrived. In- 

 deed, the scientific discoverer, Dr% C. Fuhlrott, did not come 

 upon the scene until several weeks later. It was then too late to 

 determine the age of the bones geologically and stratigraphi- 

 cally, and no petrigraphic examination of the loam was made. 

 The cave, which is about 25 meters above the level of the 

 river, communicates by crevices with the surface, so that it is 

 possible that the bones and the loam, which covered the floor 

 of the cave, may have been washed in from without. Fuhlrott 



