THE ORIGIN OF THE HUMAN BODY 327 



position of one of the skeletons shows that the bodies were 

 buried by friends. The present valley of the Orneau was 

 almost completely formed at the time of the burial. The exact 

 age of the bones cannot be determined nor can these cave de- 

 posits be correlated with the river drift and the loess. The 

 cultural evidences are said to be Mousterian, and Mousterian 

 culture is assigned by Obermaier to the Fourth, or last, Gla- 

 cial period. 



Prof. Julien Fraipont of the University of Liege announced 

 the discovery of these palaeolithic skeletons Aug. 16, 1886. 

 Skeleton No. 1 has weaker bones and is thought to be that of a 

 woman; No. 2 shows signs of strong musculature and is evi- 

 dently that of a man. Of No. 1 we have the cranial vault, two 

 portions of the upper jaw (with five molars and four other 

 teeth), a nearly complete mandible with all the teeth, a left 

 clavicle, a right humerus, the shaft of the left humerus, a 

 left radius, the heads of two ulnae, a nearly complete right 

 femur, a complete left tibia, and the right os calcis. Of No. 2 

 we have the vault of the skull, two portions of the maxilla 

 with teeth, loose teeth belonging to lower jaw, fragments of 

 the scapulae, the left clavicle, imperfect humeri, the shaft of 

 the right radius, a left femur, the left os calcis, and the left 

 astragalus. The separation of the bones, however, is not yet 

 satisfactory. The jaw of No. 1 is well-preserved, except in 

 the region of the coronoids and condyles, which makes any 

 position we may give it more or less arbitrary. The skull of 

 this specimen is almost the replica of the Neanderthal skull, 

 except that the forehead is lower and more sloping. But No. 

 1 has a trace of chin prominence and in this it resembles 

 modem skulls. No. 2 has a higher forehead and the cranial 

 vault is higher and more spacious. 



In both skeletons the radius and femur show a peculiar 

 curvature, and in both, too, the arms and legs must have been 

 very short. Hence the men of Spy are described as having been 

 only partially erect, and as having had bowed thighs and bent 

 knees. The source of this modification, however, is not a sur* 



