GLOSSARY 365 



mitotic division in animal cells, as well as the source of 

 the kinetic elements developed by such cells. They are 

 mi'nute bodies usually located within a larger sphere 

 known as the centrosome or centrosphere. They do not 

 occur in the cells of the higher plants. 



Cephalctpods: A class of molluscs in which the foot is de- 

 veloped into a headlike structure with eyes and a circle 

 of arms, e.g., the octopus, the cuttlefish, the squid, and 

 the nautilus. 



Ceradtes: A genus of extinct cephalopods having a coiled 

 shell and crooked sutures. 



Character: An external feature or sensible property of an 

 organism. It is the joint product of germinal factors 

 (genes) and environmental influences. 



Chlorophyll: The green pigment formed in the chloroplasts 

 (green plastids) of plant cells. It is a diester of phytyl 

 and methyl alcohols with the tribasic acid, chlorophyllin, 

 one of whose carboxyls is esterified with methyl alcohol, 

 a second with phytol, while the third is otherwise engaged. 

 Chlorophyllin is a tribasic acid consisting of the chloro- 

 phyllic chromogen group (containing magnesium) joined 

 to three carboxyl groups. 



Chondriosames: Cytoplasmic granules rodlike, threadlike, 

 or spherical in form, which often appear to divide on the 

 mitotic spindle, and are therefore credited with the power 

 of independent growth and division. The chondriosomes 

 of embryonic tissues are thought to be the original sources 

 of the plastids, the fibrillae, and certain metaplastic 

 granules. 



Chor dates: The phylum of animals whose primary axial 

 skeleton consists temporarily or permanently of a noto- 

 chord. 



Chromatin: Same as basichromatin. 



Chromosomes: The short threads or rodlike bodies into 

 which the basichromatin of the cell-nucleus is aggregated 

 during mitosis — each chromosome is segmented into 

 granules called chromomeres — in its submicroscopic struc- 

 ture it consists of chain or linear series of genes (heredi- 

 tary factors) representing characters linked together in 



