APPENDIX 321 



The hybrid seeds in the experiments with seed-coat are often 

 more spotted, and the spots sometimes coalesce into small bluish- 

 violet patches. The spotting also frequently appears even when it 

 is absent as a parental character. 1 



The hybrid forms of the seed-shape and of the albumen [colour] 

 are developed immediately after the artificial fertilisation by the 

 mere influence of the foreign pollen. They can, therefore, be 

 observed even in the first year of experiment, whilst all the other 

 characters naturally only appear in the following year in such 

 plants as have been raised from the crossed seed. 



[F 2 ] The Generation [bred] from the Hybrids 



In this generation there reappear, together with the dominant 

 characters, also the recessive ones with their peculiarities fully 

 developed, and this occurs in the definitely expressed average pro- 

 portion of three to one, so that among each four plants of this 

 generation three display the dominant character and one the 

 recessive. This relates without exception to all the characters 

 which were investigated in the experiments. The angular wrinkled 

 form of the seed, the green colour of the albumen, the white colour 

 of the seed-coats and the flowers, the constrictions of the pods, the 

 yellow colour of the unripe pod, of the stalk, of the calyx, and of 

 the leaf venation, the umbel-like form of the inflorescence, and the 

 dwarfed stem, all reappear in the numerical proportion given, 

 without any essential alteration. Transitional forms were not 

 observed in any experiment. 



Since the hybrids resulting from reciprocal crosses are formed 

 alike and present no appreciable difference in their subsequent 

 development, consequently the results [of the reciprocal crosses] 

 can be reckoned together in each experiment. The relative num- 

 bers which were obtained for each pair of differentiating characters 

 are as follows : 



Expt. 1. Form of seed. — From 253 hybrids 7,324 seeds were 

 obtained in the second trial year. Among them were 5,474 round 

 or roundish ones and 1,850 angular wrinkled ones. Therefrom the 

 ratio 2.96 to 1 is deduced. 



Expt. 2. Colour of albumen. — 258 plants yielded 8,023 seeds, 

 6,022 yellow, and 2,001 green; their ratio, therefore, is as 3.01 to 1. 



1 [This refers to the coats of the seeds borne by Fi plants.] 



