INDEX 



463 



Penicillium charlesii, 375 

 Penicillin in chrysogenum : 



growth efficiency of, 360 



penicillin production by, 372 



products of, 363 

 Penicillium cinerascens, 375 

 Penicillium terrestre, 375 

 Pentosans, 51 



function of, in plants, 52 



furfural fi'om, 53 



hydrolysis of, 52 



nutritive value, 53 



occurrence, 51, 52 

 Pentoses, 26 

 Pentosuria. 26. 28 

 l»-enzyme, 399 

 Pepsin. 110. 126, 265, 313 

 Pepsinogen, 314 

 Peptidases, 264 

 Peptides : 



linkage. 129 



side chains. 130 



utilization by plants, 401 

 Pernicious anemia, 248, 249, 251, 314 

 Perosis. 253 



relation of manganese to, 189 

 Peroxidases, 26S, 282 



in plants. 405 

 pH : 



definition, 168, 169 



effect on plant growth, 168 



measurement of, 173 



of salt solutions, 171, 172 



regulation of body, 173 

 pH changes, relation to changes in H-ion 



concentration, 169 

 pH value of biological materials, 174 

 Phaseolin. 108, 126 

 Phenylacetic acid, 374 

 Phenylalanine, 114 



formula, 117 

 Phenylhydrazine, reaction with sugars, 



31. 32, 35 

 Phenylpyruvic acid, 350 

 Philoholus kleinii, 360 

 Phlorhizin, 302 



Phosphagens, definition, 417, 418 

 Phosphatases, 264 



activation by vitamin D, 211 



in digestion. 319 

 Phosphate bond energies, table of. 417 

 Phosphate bonds. IS.F values of, table, 417 

 Phosphate bonds of high energy : 



definition, 416. 417 



formation of, 420-422 

 Phosphate, transfer enzymes. 267 

 Phosphates, bond energy of, table. 417 



in glycolysis. 326-329 



organic, in metabolism, 326-329, 415- 

 421 

 Phosphatides, 96 

 Phosphatidic acids, 99 

 Phosphatidyl ethanolamine, 99 

 Phosi)hatidyl serine, 99 

 Phosphocreatine (see Creatine phos- 

 phate) 



Phosphodiesterases, 264 

 2-Phosphoenolpyruvic acid, 397 

 Phosphoglucomutase, 267 

 Phosphoglyceraldehyde dehydrogenases, 



268 

 Phosphoglyceric acid transphosphorylase, 



267 

 Phosphoglyceric acids, in photosynthesis, 



396-398 

 Phosphoglyceromutase, 267 

 Phosphohexoisomeras^, 267 

 Phosphohexokinase, 267 

 Phospholipides : 



classification, 97 



in fat transport, 336 

 Phosphoproteins. 136 



Phosphopyruvate transphosphorylase, 267 

 Phosphorus : 



areas low in, 185 



requirement, 184 



role in animal body, 184 

 Phosphorus content of foods, table, 439 

 Phosphorus deficiency, effect on plants, 



409, 410 

 Phosphorylases, 267 



stimulation by epinephrine, 289 

 Phosphoserine, 319 

 Photochemical reaction, primary. in 



photosynthesis, 391 

 Photolvsis of water, in photosynthesis, 



391 

 Photosynthesis, 29, 387^00 



dark reactions in, 393 



definition of, 388 



efficiency of, 395, 396 



energy relations of, 395, 396 



energy stored by, 387 



equation for, 388 



formaldehyde theory of, 396 



Hill reaction in. 393 



importance of, 387 



intermediates of, 396^00 



light reactions in, 393 



mechanism of, 397, 398 



partial reactions of, 393, 394 



products of. 396^00 



quantum efficiency of, 395, 396 



rate of, 393 

 Phototropism. 406 

 Phthiocol. 220 

 Phytase, 264 

 Phytic acid, calcium and magnesium salts 



■ of, 179 

 Phvtohormones, 406 

 Phytol, 391 



Pitressin (see Vasopressin) 

 Pituitary gland, relation to menstrual 



cycles, 292-294 

 Pituitary hormones. 303-306 

 Pituitarv, hormones of posterior lobe, 



303 

 pKa, relation to acid strengths, 171 

 Placenta, hormones from, 295 

 Planck's constant, 395 

 Plant growth substances, 406, 407 

 Plant gums, 66 



