INDEX 



455 



Organogeny, 47 



Organs, complex, and natural selec- 

 tion, 395; electrical, 237; necessity 

 in production of, 416; vestigial, and 

 natural selection, 397 



Oriental region, 255, 256 



"Origin of Species," 12, 15, 212, 385 



Orohippus, 179, 1,S3 



Orthogenetic variations, 268 



Orthoptera, jumping adaptations in, 

 220 



Osborn, H. F., 6, 198, 199, 202, 206, 

 207, 252 



Os coccyx, 87 



Ostriches, 219 



Ovarian grafts, 421 



Overproduction, 250 



Overspecialization, 398 



Ovum, SI, 40, 102, 292; of birds, 295; 

 human, 396 



Oyster, rate of reproduction, 234, 388 



Paedogenesis, 211 



Palaearctic realm, 255, 256 



Palaeomastodon, 169; skull and tooth, 

 174 



Palaeopithecus sivalensis, 198 



Palaeostraca, 135 



Paleolaurentian, 124 



Paleontology, 19, 119 



Paleozoic, 123; fossils of, 130; echi- 

 noderms, 132; insects, I40 



Pan pijgmaeus, 189 



Pangenesis, 423 



Panmixia, 405 



Parahippus, 180, 183 



Paramecium, 91; binary fission in, 

 273; and pure lines, 357 



Parasitism, 240 



Parental care, 234 



Parrot, kea, 267; use of beak in climb- 

 ing, 223 



Parthenogenesis, 328; and pure line 

 equivalents, 355 



Pass-for-white, 363 



Paurometal)ola, 136 



Peas, garden, 277; sweet, 319 



Pectoral girdle, 54, 79; of dogfish, 75; 

 of Sauriplerus, 76; of primitive 

 reptile, 79; of human embryo, 80; 

 of duck-mole, 80 



Pedigrees, human, 366 



Pelvic girdle, 54, 77, 78 



Pennsylvanian, 123 



Pentadactyl appendage, 77, 79; and 



locomotion, 217 

 Peonies, 345 

 Pcrissodactyla, 164 

 Permian, 123; reptiles of, 152; change 



of climate during, 248 

 Pelroqnle xanthopus, 220 

 Pharyngeal clefts, 37 

 Phaseolus vulgaris nana, 354 

 Phenotype, 279 

 Phenotvpic selection, 350 

 Phillips, 421 



"Philosophie Zoologique," 11 

 Photostomias guernei, 216 

 Photosynthesis, 91, 230 

 Phylum, 26 



Physiological variation, 265 

 Physiology, 90 

 Piltdown man, 203; skull, 203; 



phylogeny, 204 

 Pisces, 37 

 Pithecanthropus erectus, 198; skull, 



199; restoration, 200; relation to 



man, 199 

 Pituitary gland, 94 

 Placoid scales, 82 

 Plankton, 215; aerial, 217 

 Plant-animals, 92 

 Plants, adaptation to aridity, 224, 



226; dispersal, 260; heterosis in, 



342; variation in, 265 

 Platyhelminthes, 28 

 Platyrrhini, 188 

 Plebeius nielissa, 409 

 Pleistocene, change of climate during, 



248; glaciation, 202; elephants, 



173; horses, 182 

 Plesiosaur, 153 

 Plesippus, 183 

 Plica semilunaris, 88 

 Pliny, 8 

 Pliocene, 122; climate of, 201; Bry- 



ozoa, 132; elephants, 172; horses, 



182; camels, 185 

 Pliohippus, 182 

 Pliopithecus antiquus, 198 

 Poehrolhcrium, skull, feet and teeth, 



185 

 Poetaz narcissus, 3^6 

 Poeticus narcissus, 3^6 

 Polar bodies, 294 

 Polyanthus narcissus, 3^6 



