^M THE NEW EVOLUTION t^'^^ 



The successive domination of the earth by the 

 reptiles, by the mammals, and by man, is an illustra- 

 tion — the most striking illustration — of the successive 

 and more or less intermittent changes that have taken 

 place in the balance of animal life upon the earth 

 since the earliest times of which we have a record. 



In a consideration of the relationships of the various 

 types of animal life each to the other and of the 

 changes in these relationships at different periods in 

 the past, the first essential is accurately to determine 

 the position of man in regard to all other forms of 

 life. 



Man is a mammal, and it is indubitable that in his 

 structure and anatomy man is very close to the man- 

 like or anthropoid apes. This is an easily demon- 

 strable fact which is quite beyond dispute. But a 

 knowledge of the structure and anatomy of man is 

 not sufficient in itself alone to enable us to judge of 

 his true relations to the other forms of life and 

 correctly to appraise his status in the world today. 



Unfortunately at the present time the broader 

 viewpoint of man's relation to the world at large has 

 among biologists been almost completely superseded 

 by the very narrow viewpoint that the position of 

 man is to be explained entirely on the basis of his 

 dissected body. 



This narrow viewpoint has been developed in such 

 a way and to such extremes as to lead to conclusions 

 which in their total disregard of man as man cannot 

 but give offense and arouse antagonism. 



No one can deny that a detailed comparative 



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