ZOOGENESIS 'S^^^'' 



and that such a breakdown simply indicates a return 

 to fundamentals. This is not at all the case. The 

 breakdown of the human social system, which orgi- 

 nated from large serial families of dependent children, 

 is invariably the result of economic causes arising 

 from the complexities of the system itself when so 

 very highly developed as to become artificial. It 

 arises from the love of gain or show and the associated 

 desire to be free of the liabilities inherent in family 

 ties which becomes so exaggerated as to thrust into 

 the background the normal sex relations. It is 

 rendered possible by the fact that in large communi- 

 ties family responsibilities, instead of remaining local- 

 ized and concentrated in the heads of families, become 

 increasingly distributed over the social unit as a 

 whole. It is actually the reverse of a return to 

 fundamentals. 



It is not necessary here to discuss the use of fire, 

 tools, ornaments and clothing, or the development of 

 articulate speech. It is sufficient to point out that 

 the origin of all the distinctively human attributes 

 must be satisfactorily explained by any adequate 

 theory of the development of animal forms, and fur- 

 ther that these cannot be explained by any theory 

 which assumes the origin of man from the man- 

 like apes. 



[^9] 



