168 



GENERAL BIOCHEMISTRY 



ClIoOII 

 H J O, H 



Stai'ch or 



fClycogen j 



)■ + ]um). 



phosphoi'j'l.'iKP 



!/h 



OH H ' 



\ 



galactose 



IK) 



(WOn 



H OH 



li-Khicose-l-pli<is|jli;ite 



fructose 



mannose 



glucose-l.G- diphosphate 



+ 



phosphopkicomutase 



=03POCH2 .0 CH^OH 



H HO^ 



■^ H 



CH2OPO 



H 



phosphogluco- 



isomcrase 



3 



0. H 



^' 



H 



OH H 



H 



HO H 



D-fructose-6-phosphate 



HO N^ 



OH 



glucose 



pentose - 

 "^" phosphate 

 pathway 



H OH 



l)-glucose-6-phosphate 



ATP 



ADP- 



phosphofructc-)kinase 



'O3POCH2CHOHCHO 



glyci'i:ilclehyde-3-phosphate 



^OsPOCHs^^O-,,^ CHoOPOaH- 



H HO/ 

 H 



t.. 



lose 

 isomerase 



H 



I 



"^-j-HOCHa COCH 2OPO3- 



dihydroxyacetone 

 jjliosphate 



HO H 



I)-fructose-l,6-diphosphate 



glycerol 



FIGURE 7-1. The reactions of glycolysis as written in 1959. 



cycle, or the liicarboxylic acid cycle which yields the carbon dioxide 

 characteristic of respiration. 



4. The citric acid cycle also yields DPNH and related reduced ma- 

 terials which transfer electrons to a series of electron acceptors, form- 

 ing ATP along the way. 



5. Finally, the last of the organic electron acceptors transfers elec- 

 trons to oxygen in the presence of protons from hydrogen ions, water 

 being formed. This ultimate step is the only one utilizing molecular 

 oxygen and is called the terminal oxidation. 



I 



