278 INTRODUCTION TO EVOLUTION 



erable portion of their range, leaving remnants widely separated from each 

 other, as in the cases of tapirs and camels. In such instances the original 

 range can frequently be reconstructed by reference to the fossil record. 

 All of these phenomena have significance if animals originate in separate 

 regions (centers of dispersal) and then spread into those territories acces- 

 sible to them, undergoing evolutionary change as their ranges expand into 

 new environments. 



References and Suggested Readings 



Clark, A. H. The Invasion of New Zealand by People, Plants and Animals. The 

 South Island. New Brunswick, New Jersey: Rutgers University Press, 1949. 



Darlington, P. J., Jr. Zoogeography: the Geographical Distribution of Animals. 

 New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1957. 



Darwin, C. The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, 1859. (Ob- 

 tainable in the Modern Library series. Random House, New York; and as 

 Mentor Book MT294, New American Library, New York.) 



Darwin, C. Autobiography. In F. Darwin. The Life and Letters of Charles Dar- 

 win, Vol. 1, Ch. 2, and Charles Darwin, Autobiography and Letters, Ch. 2. 

 New York: D. Appleton & Co., 1888 and 1892. Also in F. Darwin (ed.). 

 Charles Darwin's Autobiography. New York: Henry Schuman, Inc., 1950. 



Goldschmidt, R. The Material Basis of Evolution. New Haven: Yale University 

 Press, 1940. 



Hopkins, D. M. "Cenozoic history of the Bering land bridge," Science, 129 

 (1959), 1519-1528. 



Huxley, J. S. Evolution — the Modern Synthesis. New York: Harper & Brothers, 

 1942. 



Matthew, W. D. Climate and Evolution, 2nd ed. New York: New York 

 Academy of Sciences, 1939. 



Simpson, G. G. "Mammals and the nature of continents," American Journal of 

 Science, 241 (1943), 1-31. 



Simpson, G. G. "History of the fauna of Latin America," American Scientist, 

 38 (1950), 361-389. 



Simpson, G. G. Evolution and Geography. Eugene, Oregon: Oregon State Sys- 

 tem of Higher Education, 1953. 



Solecki, R. "How man came to North America," Scientific American, 184 

 (1951), 11-15. 



Wallace, A. R. The Geographical Distribution of Animals, 2 vols. New York: 

 Harper & Brothers, 1876. 



