CREATION BY EVOLUTION 



on account of the master's disfavor is well illustrated by the 

 following story told by K5hler: 



"When I had been in Tenerife a few weeks only, I noticed, 

 whilst feeding the squatting animals, pressed up close to me, 

 that a little female, at other times quite well-behaved, was 

 snatching the food out of the hand of a weaker animal, and 

 as she persisted in this, I gave her a little rap. The little 

 creature, which I had punished for the first time, shrank back, 

 uttered one or two heart-broken wails, as she stared at me 

 horror-struck, while her lips were pouted more than ever. 

 The next moment she had thrown her arms round my neck, 

 quite beside herself, and was only comforted by degrees, 

 when I stroked her. This need, here expressed, for forgive- 

 ness, is a phenomenon frequently to be observed in the emo- 

 tional life of chimpanzees. Even animals who at first when 

 they have been punished, boil with rage, throw one glances 

 full of hate, and will not take a mouthful of food from a 

 human being, when one comes again after a time, will press 

 up close, with eager bearing, to which a quick rhythmic 

 breathing and pulling open of the eyes is added ; or else will 

 give a sob of relief, press one's fingers affectionately to their 

 lips and make other apish protests of friendship." 



It appears evident that the little ape was concerned, not 

 so much over her punishment, as over the fact that her mas- 

 ter could bring himself to punish her at all. Like an affec- 

 tionate and sensitive child, she felt keenly the estrangement 

 which the punishment implied, and was satisfied only when 

 cordial relations were again established. 



A lack of space forbids a description of the many little 

 ways in which the behavior of the higher apes resembles 

 that of human beings. I can only mention their approach 

 to dancing, their modes of beckoning to their comrades and 

 of conveying by movements their meaning as to what they 



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