CREATION BY EVOLUTION 



whether anything but a mind has these distinctive char- 

 acters. 



Of course all three may go together. When one is angry 

 there is reference to some one with whom he is angry and 

 to something he has done; one's action toward him is appro- 

 priately guided, and there is emotional feeling — pleasure or 

 pain — ^which tingles in one's mind and is part of the mental 

 story. 



But though all three may go together we may distinguish 

 them, just as we may distinguish (under reference) the 

 colour, the scent, and the shape of a rose, though they 

 too go together. Under this distinction mental evolution is 

 threefold. In the ascending order of organisms (each with 

 body-mind) from some lowly animal to man, there is, as we 

 infer, evolution of enjoyment from lower to higher forms — 

 from the pleasures of sense to aesthetic, intellectual, and 

 moral joy; there is evolution of objective reference which 

 leads up from bare sensory "acquaintance" to all that falls 

 under "knowledge"; there is, in due course, evolution of 

 guidance, which, by progressive steps, enables us to thread 

 our way sure-footedly in a difficult world. All three conspire, 

 in accordance with their level of evolution, to give the status 

 of this or that mind in any given organism, from the lowest 

 to the highest — conspire, too, to give the status of the mind 

 of the individual at successive stages of its life history, say 

 in early and later infancy, early and later childhood, adol- 

 escence, and maturity. 



The threefold evolution, distinguishable under the head- 

 ings of enjoyment, objective reference, and guidance of 

 action, is threefold only in so far as we regard evolution 

 in mind from these three standpoints. For your mind and 

 my mind is "all three in one" and exemplifies one evolu- 

 tionary advance. So, too, body and mind are distinguish- 



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