Jones: Flora of Illinois 21 



29. One of the petals spurred. 



30. Stipules present; ovary 1-loculed 108. ViOLACEAE 



30. Stipules none; ovary 5-loculed; plants smooth and succulent 

 88. Balsaminaceae 



29. Flowers not spurred; stipules none; ovary 2-loculed 



93. POLYGALACEAE 



28. Corolla regular or nearly so, not spurred. 



31. Sepals and petals each 4; stamens 6, four long and two short; 



fruit a pod; stipules none 71. Cruciferae 



31. Sepals and petals each 5. 



32. Sepals separate; petals yellow; fruit achenes 



62. Ranunculaceae 



32. Sepals united, at least below; fruit not an achene. 



33. Leaves mostly basal, more or less hairy, the blades 

 roundish, cordate at the base; flowers paniculate.... 



Heuchera in 77. SaxifragaCEAE 



33. Leaves mostly on the stem. 



34. Stipules none; leaves thickish ; plants glabrous; 



stamens free 75. CrassULACEAE 



34. Stipules present; leaves not at all succulent; plants 

 usually more or less pubescent, often with stellate 

 hairs; stamens monadelphous 105. Malvaceae 



Section 9. Parasitic or Saprophytic Herbs; Stems not Climbing or Twining 



1 . Flowers regular. 



2. Ovary superior; stamens 6-12; plant perennial, waxy-white or reddish, drying black 

 Monotropa in 120. Ericaceae 



2. Ovary inferior; plants annual 35. BuRMANNlACEAE 



I . Flowers irregular. 



3. Ovary inferior; petals and sepals each 3, distinct 36. Orchidaceae 



3. Ovary superior; corolla 2-lipped 139. Orobanchaceae 



Section 10. Plants Twining or Climbing; or Cacti 



I . Cactus plants, with conspicuously jointed stems, the internodes flattened, succulent, 

 bristly or spiny; leaves none, or reduced to bristles; flowers perfect, regular, soli- 

 tary, showy; sepals, petals, and stamens numerous 110. Cactaceae 



I. Not cactus plants; stems twining or climbing; plants sometimes with tendrils. 

 2. Plants with tendrils. 

 3. Leaves entire. 



4. Flowers in umbels; perianth 6-parted; stamens 6; stigmas thick, almost sessile; 



fruit a berry; leaves with 3 or more principal veins from the base 



Smilax in 31. LiLlACEAE 



4. Flowers in slender axillary and terminal racemes; calyx 5-parted; stamens 8; 



styles 3; fruit an obtusely triangular achene enclosed in the indurated calyx; 



leaves with 1 main vein Brunnichia in 50. PoLYGONACEAE 



3. Leaves lobed or toothed; flowers not in umbels. 



5. Stipules present; petals separate; flowers solitary, perfect, greenish yellow.... 



109. Passifloraceae 



5. Stipules none; petals united; flowers unisexual, mostly in racemes or corymbs 



149. Cucurbitaceae 



2. Plants without tendrils. 



6. Leaves somewhat peltate, the petiole attached on the underside of the blade near 

 the margin, the blades usually angled or lobed; fruit juicy, 1 -seeded; flowers 



small, in axillary panicles 67. Menispermaceae 



6. Leaves not peltate. 



7. Leaves opposite or whorled. 

 8. Leaves entire. 



9. Plants with milky juice; petals 5, united; fruit a follicle; seeds with 

 silky hairs. 



