134 American Midland Naturalist Monograph No. 2 



3. Caulophyllum Michx. 

 C. thalictrotdes (L.) Michx. Blue Cohosh. Woods, common. Apr. -May. 



67. Menispermaceae DC. — Moonseed Family 



1 . Leaf-blades usually as broad as or broader than long; petioles 3-20 cm. long: drupe 



black. 



2. Leaf-blades reniform in outline, slightly peltate near the base, palmately 3-7-angled 



or shallowly lobed, dark green and glabrous above, paler and sparsely pilosulous 



along the veins beneath; panicles 2-6 cm. long; petals 6-9; sepals 4-10; stigma 



flabellate; stamens 12-18, or 24; drupe bluish black, about 1 cm. in diameter.... 



1 . Menispermiim 



2. Leaf-blades deeply palmately lobed, cordate at the base, the lobes acuminate; 

 panicles 10-20 cm. long; sepals 9; petals 0; stamens 9 or 12; stigma radiate; 



drupe black, ovoid, 2-2.5 cm. long 2. Calvcocarpiim 



1 . Leaf-blades usually somewhat longer than broad, ovate or deltoid, sinuately lobed or 

 entire, softly pubescent beneath; petioles 1-5 cm. long; petals, sepals, and stamens 

 each 6, or the stamens in the pistillate flowers reduced or lacking; stigma subulate; 

 drupe red, 6-8 mm. long 3. Cocculus 



I. Menispermum L. — Moonseed 



M. canadense L. In alluvial soil in woods, thickets, or along fences, com- 

 mon. May-June. 



2. Calycocarpum Nutt. 



C. lyoni (Pursh) Nutt. Cupseed. Moist thickets, rich woods, and river 

 banks, s. III., rare. June-July. 



3. Cocculus DC. 



{Cebatha Forsk. ; Epibaierium Forst.) 

 C. carolinus (L.) DC. Carolina Snailseed. Banks of streams, s. 111., rare. 

 July-Aug. 



68. Lauraceae Lindl. — Laurel Family 



1 . Flowers appearing with the leaves in corymbose racemes; anthers 4-loculed; leaves 

 often lobed; fruit blue-black 1. Sassafras 



1. Flowers in small roundish nearly sessile umbel-like clusteis en ba:e twigs; anthers 

 2-loculed; leaves always entire; fruit red 2. Lindcra 



1. Sassafras Nees — Sassafras. Ague-tree 



S. albidum (Nutt.) Nees. Rich woods, common throughout 111., except the 

 n. counties. May. Variable as to pubescence. [S. variifoliui7i (Salisb.) Ktze; 

 S. officinale Nees & Eberm.; S. alhidiini var. nioUc (Raf.) Fern.} 



2. LiNDERA Thunb. 

 L. benzoin (L.) Blume. Spice-bush. In moist woods and along streams, 

 common. Mar. -Apr. Specimens with petioles and lower surface of blades more 

 or less pubescent [L. benzoin var. pubescens (Palmer & Steyerm.) Rehd.], 

 have been mistaken for R. melissaefolium (Walt.) Nees, a species of more 

 southerly range which probably does not occur in our limits. [^Benzoin aestivale 

 (L.) Nees.} 



69. Papaveraceae B. Juss. — Poppy Family 



1. Flower white, solitary; petals 4-15 (usually 8), fugacious; leaves basal, glabrous, 

 roundish, palmately lobed, glaucous beneath; plants perennial with horizontal 

 rhizomes; juice red 1. Saugiilnarin 



