224 American Midland Naturalist Monograph No. 2 



136. Solan ACEAE Pers. — Nightshade Family 



1. Trailing or climbing shrubs; leaves entire; fruit a berry 1. L^cium 



I. Herbs, usually erect, rarely climbing. 

 2. Fruit enclosed in the inflated calyx. 



3. Flowers purple or blue; calyx split to the base 2. Nicandra 



3. Flowers yellowish, usually with a purplish center; calyx merely toothed, not split 



3. Ph\)salis 



2. Fruit not enclosed in an inflated calyx. 



4. Corolla rotate; fruit a berry 4. Solanum 



4. Corolla funnelform, 6-20 cm. long; fruit a more or less prickly capsule 



- 5. Datura 



1. Lycium L. 



L. halimifolium Mill. Matrimony-vine. Occasional about old dwellings and 

 along roads, escaped from cult.; native of Eurasia. May -July. 



2. Nicandra Adans. — Apple of Peru 



N. physalodes (L.) Pers. Fields and waste places, occasional; native of 

 Peru. July-Sept. {^Physalodes physalodes (L.) Britt.} 



3. Physalis L. — ^Ground-cherry 



1. Stems and leaves glabrous, or puberulent. 



2. Pedicels nearly as long as the flowers; calyx-lobes lanceolate; plants peren- 

 nial with a horizontal rhizome. 

 3. Pedicels upwardly strigilose; anthers 3 mm. long; fruiting calyx ovoid, 

 nearly filled with the berry, scarcely impressed at the base; cult, 

 ground and roadsides, common. June-Sept. [P. Philadelphia Lam. 



(?)] Smooth Ground-cherry P. subglabrata Mack. & Bush 



3. Pedicels retrorsely or spreading-hispidulous; anthers 2 mm. long; fruit- 

 ing calyx pyramidal-ovoid, obtusely 5-angled, deeply impressed at the 

 base; cult, ground and roadsides, common. May-July. [P. lanceolata 



of auth., not Michx.J Virginia Ground-cherry P. virginiana Mill. 



2. Pedicels much shorter than the flowers, glabrous or puberulent; calyx-lobes 

 deltoid-ovate; anthers 3 mm. long; plants annual; waste places and cult, 

 ground, occasional; native of s.w. U.S. and Mex. Thornton, Hill in 

 1865; Wheaton, Moffatt in 1898. Tomatillo P. ixocarpa Brot. 



1. Stems and leaves viscid-pubescent. 



4. Corolla 15-25 mm. in diameter; anthers 3-4 mm. long; plants perennial 

 with a horizontal rhizome; sandy or alluvial soil, or in cult, ground and 

 along roads, common. June-Sept. [P. virginiana of auth., not Mill.^ .... 



P. hcterophylla Nees 



4. Corolla 5-10 mm. in diameter; anthers 1-2 mm. long; annuals with fibrous 

 roots. 

 5. Leaves ovate, subentire at base; stem sharply angled; fields, waste places, 



and along roads, local. June-Oct P. puhcsccns L. 



5. Leaves cordate, oblique, sinuately toothed to the base; stem obtusely 



angled; alluvial soil, chiefly w. of the Illinois R. July-Sept 



P. pruinosa L. 



