260 American Midland Naturalist Monograph No. 2 



3. Stem (at least the upper part) tomentulose or puberulent; leaves thick, 

 tomentulose beneath, the lower ones, or some of them, deeply 3-lobecl 

 or 3-parted; rays 15-20, 2-3 cm. long; prairie soil, or in open woods, 



local. Aug. -Sept. Fragrant Coneflower R. subtomentosa Pursh 



3. Stem strigose or hirsute; leaves merely toothed, or entire. 



4. Leaves irregularly coarsely dentate, or serrate; stem hirsute; rays 2-4 

 cm. long; plants perennial; moist ground, rare. Wabash Co., H. 



Shearer R. sulltvantii Boynton & Beadle 



4. Leaves denticulate or entire. 



5. Stem sparsely strigose; rays orange-yellow, 1-L5 cm. long; stigmas 

 obtuse; pappus a minute crown; plants perennial; dry open 

 woods, s. 111., rare. Herod, Pope Co., July 29, 1898, G. P. 



Clinton. Orange Coneflower R. fulgida Ait. 



5. Stem hirsute; rays bright yellow, 2-3.5 cm. lor.g; stigmas subulate; 

 pappus none; plants annual or biennial; fields, roadsides, and 



open woods, common. June-Aug. Black-eyed Susan 



R. hirta L. 



26. Echinacea Moench 



{Brauneria Necker) 

 1. Leaves ovate to lanceolate, serrate or dentate, or the uppermost entire; stem 



usually branched above; woods and thickets, not common. July-Aug. 



Purple Coneflower E. purpurea (L.) Moench 



1. Leaves oblanceolate or narrowly elliptical, entire; stem simple; prairie soil, 



local. June-July. Pale Coneflower E. pallida (Nutt.) Britt. 



27. Ratibida Raf. 



(Lepachps Raf.) 



1. Rays spatulate-elliptical, 2.5-5 cm. long; disk subglobose to short-ellipsoid, 

 shorter than the rays, becoming 1-2 cm. long and 1-1.5 cm. thick in fruit; 

 stigmas subulate; roadsides and prairie soil, common throughout III. July- 

 Aug. Drooping Coneflower R. pinnata (Vent.) Barnh. 



I.Rays oval, 1.5-2 cm. long; disk cylindrical, equalling or e.xceeding the rays, 

 becoming 2.5-4 cm. long and 7-10 mm. thick in fruit; stigmas short, ob- 

 tuse; along railroads, occasional; adv. from w. U.S.; Cook Co., W. D. 

 Barnes in 1898; Taylorville, Andrcn's in 1898; Peoria, McDonald in 1904 

 R. columnijera (Nutt.) Woot. & Standi. 



28. Galinsoga Ruiz &: Pavon 



G. ciliata (Raf.) Blake. Peruvian Daisy. Waste places, cult, ground, road- 

 sides; nat. from trop. Am. First collected in III. at Chicago by Moffatt in 

 1891, now common throughout 111. June-Sept. [G. parviflora var. hispida 

 DC.} 



29. Hhlianthus L. — Sunflower 

 1. Plants perennial. 



2. Stem scape-like; leaves mostly near the base of the stem, oval, long- 

 petioled, the upper ones bract-like; sandy soil in the n. part of the state. 

 July-Sept. [H. illinocnsis Gleason] H. occidentalia Riddell 



