282 American Midland Naturalist Monograph No. 2 



Spathe. a large protecting bract, often colored or membranous, enclosmg the flower 



or inflorescence, especially of certain Monocotyledons. 

 Spathiform. See spathaceous. 



Spatulate. Spatula-shaped; gradually narrowed from a rounded summit. 

 Spike. An indeterminate inflorescence with sessile flowers on an elongated axis. 

 Spikelet. a small spike; the unit of inflorescence of grasses and sedges. 

 Spine. A sharp-pointed structure, usually the morphological equivalent of a leaf or 



part of a leaf. 

 Spinescent. Becoming spiny; with short spine-like branchlets. 

 Spinulose. Minutely spiny. 

 Spontaneous (spont.). Growing as native: appearing by itself without having been 



planted. 

 Sporangium. The spore-sac, especially in ferns, in which spores are produced. 

 Sporocarp. a pod-like structure containing one or more sporangia, as in Marsileaceae. 

 Sporophyll. a specialized spore-bearing leaf, usually more or less modified and unlike 



the normal leaves. 

 Spur. A sac-like or tubular extension of some part or parts of the peripnth, usuall> 



nectariferous; a short branchlet with much shortened internodes, usually bearint 



a cluster of leaves. 

 Spurred. Provided with a spur. 



Squarrose. Spreading at the tip, at a right angle or more. 

 Stamen. The pollen-bearing male organ of the flower. 

 Staminate flower, a flower which bears stamens but no carpels. 

 StaminodE. a sterile stamen, or a structure resembling such and borne in the staminal 



part of the flower; in some flowers staminodia are petal-like. 

 Standard. The upper broad petal of papilionaceous flower. 

 Stellate. Star-shaped; said of trichomas with radiating branches, or of a cluster of 



radiating trichomes. 

 Stigma. The part of the pistil, usually the apex, which receives pollen and upon which 



pollen grains germinate. 

 Stipe. The stalk of a pistil or similar organ. 

 Stipel. a minute stipule on the petiolule of a leaflet. 

 Stipitate. Having a stipe. 



Stipule. One of a pair of lateral appendages at the base of the petiole of many leaves. 

 Stipulate (leaf). Possessing stipules. 

 Stolon. In flowering plants, a slender modified stem or basal branch trailing along 



the ground and rooting at the nodes; a "runner. 

 StoloNIFEROUS. Bearing stolons. 



Stramineous. Straw-like, especially of the color of straw. 

 Striate. Marked with fine longitudinal lines. 

 Strigilose. Minutely strigose. 



Strigose. With appressed straight and stiff hairs. 



Style. The usually attenuated part of the pistil between the ovary and the stigma. 

 Sub — . A Latin prefix, usually signifying somewhat, or slightly. 

 Subulate. Awl-shaped; slender, and tapering to a point. 

 Succulent. Juicy; fleshy; soft and thickened. 



Superior (ovary). Borne above the insertion of the perianth and free from it. 

 Sympetalous. Having the petals united into one jjiece by their margins. 

 SyngENESIOUS. With stamens united by their anthers, as in Composifae. 



Tendril. A filiform organ used for climbing, and re[)resenting a modified leaflet, or 



leaf, or stipules, or branch. 

 Terete. Circular in transverse section. 

 Thalloid. Resembling or consisting of a thallus; said of Lemnaceae, a family of 



monocolyledonous aquatic plants distinguished by the absence of a distinct stem 



or foliage. 

 ToMENTOSE. Densely woolly or pubescent; with matted soft wool-like hairiness. 

 TomentulosE. Closely and finely tomentose. 

 ToRULOSE. Diminutive of torose; cylindrical, swelling in knobs at intervals, somewhat 



moniliform, or like a string of beads. 



