Phalangers, 265 

 Phenocopies, 154 

 Phenotype, 58, 59 

 Phlox famUy, 266 

 Phoenicurus phoenicurus. 128 

 Phosphate bonds, 9, 10, 12 

 Phosphorylation, oxidative, 10 

 Photophosphorylation, 10, 12, 26 

 Phycomycetes, 168 

 Phyletic evolution, 260, 261 

 Phylogeny, reticulate, 299 

 Pieridae, 254 

 Pieris protodice, 84 



rapae, 84 

 Pimentel, 248, 249 

 Pinaroloxias inornata, 225 

 Pines, closed-cone, 254 

 Pinocytosis, 24 

 Pinus attenuata, 254 



Hnguifonnis, 254 



masoni, 254 



miiricata, 254 



radiata, 254, 256 



remorata. 254 

 Pioneer organisms, 171 

 Pipe vine, decumbent, 87 

 Pipilo erythrophthabntis, 240 



ocai, 240 

 Pit vipers, 265 

 Pithecanthropus, 259 

 Placental mammals, 265, 270 

 Plantago erecta, 76, 79 

 Plantain, 76, 79 



Plants, adaptive radiation in, 266 

 Plasma membrane, 23 

 Plasmodesmata, 24 

 Plasmodium, 61 

 Plastids, 26, 165 



Plateau in selection response, 152 

 Phtycnemis. 62, 63 

 Platijspiza crassirostns, 224, 225, 227 

 Pleiotropy, 44, 64 

 Pleistocene glaciations, 238 

 Pneiunococcus, 162 

 Poa, 198, 202, 206 



pratensis, 146 

 Polar bear, 257 

 Polemoniaceae, 266, 268, 269 

 Pollen, 61, 168 

 Polhnation, 83, 171, 172, 258, 266, 268, 269, 



275 

 Pollution of environment, 131, 289 



Polygenes, 52, 169 

 Polygenic inheritance, 53 

 Polygenic systems, 54, 169 

 Polymorphism, 110 



balanced, 110-113, 146 

 Polypeptides, 8, 44 



synthetic, 7 

 Polyploidy, 182, 183-196, 201, 202, 241 

 Polyps, 74 



Polytene chromosomes, 47, 63 

 Pomoideae, 194 

 Population biology, 73 

 Populations, 75, 80 



fitness, 112,311 



fusion of, 238 



mendelian, 91 



monomorphic, 113 



size of, 80, 82, 95 



effective breeding, 96, 232, 235 



structure of, 79, 1 14 

 Porphyrins, 9, 10 

 Portuguese man-of-war, 74 

 Potential interbreeding, 300 

 Primates, 283 

 Primrose, 190 

 Primula, 191 



kewensis, 190 

 Probabihty density fimction, 115 

 Prometaphase, 27, 29, 30 

 Prophage, 163 

 Prophase, 27, 29-33, 41 

 Protective coloration, 157 

 Protein synthesis, 9, 64 

 Proteinoids, 8 

 Proteins, 6, 8, 24, 26 

 Protozoa, 74, 167, 196 

 Pseudocopulation, 84, 275 

 Pseudogamy, 199, 200 

 Puberty rites, 290 

 Puff, 63 

 Pimishment, concept of supematiu-al, 



292 

 Punnett, 149, 273 

 Purine, 17 

 Tvrimidine, 17 



Q matrix, 304, 305 

 Quadrivalents, 50 

 Quantitative variation, 52 

 Quantum evolution, 260, 263 



343 



