XU CONTENTS 



Animals, 139; Collection of Blood Samples, 147. Procedures with 

 Plants and Soils, 148: Closed System for C'"* Studies, 148; Plant 

 Injection, 150; Miscellaneous Methods with Plants, 152; Soil, Plant, 

 and Fertilizer Methods, 152. 



') 



Chapter 5. General Procedures for Radioassay 158 



Pretreatment of Samples, 159: Collection, 159; Weighing and 

 Drying, 159; Ashing, 160; Preparation of Sample for Counting, 167. 

 Some Considerations in Counting Procedures, 172: Statistical 

 Evaluation of Counting Errors, 172; Comparison of Counter Sensi- 

 tivities, 174; Instrumental Counting Losses, 175; Cahbration Curves 

 and Standards, 176; Self-absorption of Beta Particles, 177. Instru- 

 mentation AND Methods, 183: The Scaling Unit, 184; Soft-beta 

 Counting, 186; Hard-beta Counting, 187; Gamma Counting, 188; 

 Assay of Radioisotope Mixtures, 189; In Vivo Measurements, 192. 

 Expression of Data, 195. 



Chapter 6. Properties and Procedures for Individual Radioisotopes . 201 



Chapter 7. Autoradiography 324 



General Considerations, 325: Laboratory Requirements, 325; 

 Photographic Emulsions, 325; Properties of the Radioisotope, 327; 

 Dosage of Isotope and Exposure Time, 327; HandUng of Tissues, 328. 

 Specific Techniques, 332: Simple Apposition, 332; Mounting Method, 

 335; Coating Method, 336; Stripping-film Method, 338. Applica- 

 tions, 340: Chemical, 340; Anatomical Relationships, 342; Metabolic, 

 345; Quantitative Aspects, 353. Interpretation, 355. 



Chapter 8. Paper Chromatography 360 



General Methods, 362: Chromatograph Chamber, 362; Filter Paper, 

 366; Application of Sample, 367; Solvents, 367; Detection of Spots, 

 368; Quantitative Aspects, 373; Use of an Electrical Field, 373. 

 Organic Separations, 375. Inorganic Separations, 375. Appli- 

 cations, 375. 



Chapter 9. Ion Exchange 387 



General Methods, 388: Cation Exchangers, 388; Anion Exchangers, 

 388. General Techniques, 388: Apparatus, 391; Procedures, 393. 

 Physical Basis of Separation, 394: Ions of Opposite Charge, 394; 

 Ions from Nonelectrolytes, 395; Substances of Different Acidic or 

 Basic Strength, 395; Ions of Different Size, 398; Conversion of Non- 

 electrolytes to Ions by Complex Formation, 398. Types of Applica- 

 tions, 398: Removal of Impurities or Interfering Substances, 400; 



