THE UNIQUE MAMMAL 35 



by the grantor of the "favors" as likely to follow. It is interesting 

 to note that men are sometimes not very diflFerent from dogs in 

 their behavior in these respects. This was made evident to the 

 observant human biologist when five billion dollars of the 

 public money was quite legally distributed where it would do 

 the most good in a recent election campaign. Neither unctuous 

 asseverations of nobility of motive, nor indignant denials by the 

 persons responsible that they were buying votes, nor the serene 

 unawareness of the recipients of the favors that their votes were 

 being bought, made any smallest alteration of the realistic fact 

 that the distribution of the funds was so managed that it did do 

 a stupendous amount of political "good." 



In his vanity man prides himself on being a rational animal. 

 But really only a small fraction of his behavior is rational. The 

 rest is just mammalian, or of still lower evolutionary order. 



As everyone knows there are a great many kinds or varieties 

 of men. There are white, black, yellow, and red kinds, to con- 

 sider only the very superficial matter of skin pigmentation. 

 There are also many other readily distinguishable kinds where 

 the features that make it easy to tell them apart have to do with 

 more fundamental matters. Yet strangely enough the genus 

 homo includes but one species, though it has many varieties. 

 Among other forms of life than man it is the rule, to which there 

 are but relatively few exceptions, that if two individuals really 

 belong to different species they are infertile inter se. That is, if 

 they mate together no offspring will result, though in all other 

 respects they may be extremely, even minutely, alike. The 

 decisive evidence that man, even with his wide and striking 

 varietal differences in structure, is properly placed in a single 

 species is found in the fact that all known kinds of human beings 

 are not only fertile inter se but produce fertile offspring, when 

 they breed together. The political philosophy temporarily in 

 vogue in Germany takes the view that Jews are different in kind 

 from Aryans (a blessed word of very dubious biological mean- 



