THE UNIQUE MAMMAL 43 



characteristics as pulse rate, body temperature, various bio- 

 chemical characteristics of the blood, etc. In a broad way this 

 category corresponds roughly to Claude Bernard's concept of 

 the "internal environment." 



III. Weights. This category includes such characteristics as 

 the weight of the body as a whole, of its separate organs, etc. 

 In a general way this category, as compared with the first one 

 discussed, includes the factor of individual variation in alimenta- 

 tion — eating habits and their bodily consequences. 



Table 1 



Relative Variability of Normal Adult Human Beings 



Relative Weighted 

 . Character Categ-ory Mean Value of m 



I. Size and shape dimensions 1.00 



II. Physiological dimensions 1.78 



III. Weights (alimentation factor) 3.37 



IV. Motor and sensory performance 9.27 

 v. Judgment 47.42 



VI. Behavior 135.52 



IV. Motor and sensory performance. This category includes 

 such characteristics as speed of running, visual and auditory 

 acuity, marksmanship, etc. 



V. Judgment. Psychological performance in relatively simple 

 tests involving primarily the faculty of judgment. 



VI. Behavior. This category includes measurements of indi- 

 vidual variation in habits and behavior relative to such things 

 as smoking, use of alcoholic beverages, frequency of coitus, etc. 



In Table 1 are set down the relative weighted mean values of 

 m for each of the six broad categories of characters that have 

 been described, the value of w for category I being taken as 

 1.00. It is to be understood that these values are at present only 

 tentative, and subject to revision as the investigation here re- 

 ported for the first time proceeds further. 



The figures of this little table are shown graphically in Fig. 1 . 



The first three categories include only what may be regarded 

 as the lower attributes and faculties of man — just anatomical 

 and physiological things that he has in common with the beasts. 



