70 



MAN THE ANIMAL 



gories of tobacco usage complete life tables from age thirty 

 on to the end of the life span have been constructed. Figure 1 2 

 shows the survivorship lines. 



The net result is obvious. In this group of nearly 7000 men 

 the smoking of tobacco was associated definitely with an impair- 



f50 



-5 



Indoor Occupations 

 Difference in the Mortality Rates at 

 ages in heavy occupations (Quintile H) 

 and light occupations (Quintile l). 

 (Deaths fronr) accidents and occupational 

 hazards deducted). 



15 20 Z5 20 35 40 45 60 55 60 65 70 75 60 



Age 



Fig. 13. Difference between (a) indoor occupations involving the greatest amount 

 of physical exertion (quintile V) and (b) indoor occupations involving the least 

 amount of physical exertion (quintile I), in respect of age specific mortality rates. 

 The line is crossed from age 65 on to indicate that its true position is uncertain 

 at advanced ages, because of the meagerness of the data available. 



ment of life duration, and the amount or degree of this impair- 

 ment increased as the habitual amount of smoking increased. 

 The contrast between the life tables relative to the implied 

 eflFects upon longevity of moderate smoking, on the one hand, 

 and the moderate use of alcoholic beverages, on the other hand, 

 is very striking. The moderate smokers are definitely shorter 

 lived than the total abstainers from tobacco j the moderate drink- 

 ers are not significantly worse or better off in respect of Ion- 



