Leciure V 



PATTERNS FOR LIVING TOGETHER 



I 



In the preceding lectures in this series it has repeatedly ap- 

 peared that a set of problems of great insistence and of major 

 intrinsic difficulty and complexity has confronted man in his 

 attempts to bring order into the business of his collective living. 

 These problems exist, and get steadily more difficult, because 

 there are so many people trying to live together and to get their 

 livings in a spatially limited universe. Man is definitely and con- 

 siderably handicapped in his struggles with these problems by 

 the fact that he is a mammal and heavily loaded down with a 

 lot of baggage entailed by that zoological affinity. It is essential 

 baggage, but troublesome rather than helpful in working out 

 techniques for living together. For mammals as a class are not 

 naturally strong on sociality. Their innate tendencies are much 

 more towards the side of rugged individualism. In consequence 

 such degrees of sociality as they have developed, including even 

 the human, have always been in the nature of a compromise 

 between their natural instincts individually to mind their own 

 business and fend for themselves, and the necessity to work 

 together imposed by numbers in relation to territory. 



This conflict of interests is an inherent element of all sociality, 

 as the biologist sees the matter. The organism living in social 

 relations finds itself always struggling to play a double role — 

 to be at once both a soloist expressing its own personal indi- 

 viduality and at the same time the humble member of a chorus 

 constrained to blend his tune harmoniously with those of the 



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