WHAT EVOLUTION IS 159 



plex language. The lower creatures 

 have their cries as outlets for emo- 

 tional states, and these cries form 

 a simple kind of organic language. 

 Everyone knows the difference be- 

 tween the hum of a complacent and of 

 an angry bee. How diverse and in- 

 forming are the vocal sounds of a 

 dog. All these are types of primitive 

 language, but they are almost end- 

 lessly remote from human speech 

 which, as represented in written form, 

 is not only a means of communica- 

 tion between distant individuals but 

 the stabilizer of all past events, the 

 vehicle of history. From this stand- 

 point the simple organic language 

 of the lower animals fades into in- 

 significance. 



Finally, though not last, for there 

 are many other points of contrast be- 

 tween man and other animals, the 

 human species has acquired the habit 



