FRITZ LIPMANN 



line cuts arbitrarUy through at the succinate/fumarate potential not far below the 

 middle between hydrogen and oxygen potentials at pH 7. 



0, 



+1.23 r 



+ 0.42 



+ 0.2 



"5 



> 





 -0.2 



\ \ 



|2H |2I 



HC:0 + Spo 



HCOH 



HzCOpo" 



COa 



+ 

 COOH 



CH2 

 CH2 



COOH 



Fig, 1. — Citric Acid Cycle. 



The dotted lines mark off the constantly repeating process unit. Each 

 turn — from condensation to oxalacetate regeneration — oxidizes a two-carbon unit 

 of carbohydrate level. The two-carbon unit is fed into the system in the form of 

 acetate radicals. 



Sum 7.37 volts 

 Theory 7.46'* 



{Contintud on following page) 



