Remdeer moss 



Cross section ol 

 Uchen tballus 



Section oi thallua 



PoreUa 



Order 3 Rhodophyceae ("rose seaweed"). The red algae; mostly 

 marine; attached to rocks; reddish to purple. Examples, Nemalion, 

 or threadweed, Polysiphonia, Batrachospermum. 



CLASS 3 FUNGI ("mushrooms"). Thallophytes without chlorophyl. 



Order 1 Phycomycetes ("alga fungus"). Algalike fungi; no divi- 

 sions in hyphae. Examples, water molds (often parasitic on fishes), 

 Phytophthora (the cause of potato rot), downy mildew, black or bread 

 mold (see illustration, p. 375). 



Order 2 Ascomycetes ("bladder fungus"). Fungi bearing spores in 

 sacs; hyphae divided into cells. Examples, cup fungi, the edible morel, 

 the mildews, black knot, yeast (see illustration, p. 371). 



Order 3 Basidiomycetes ("basidium fungus"). Fungi bearing spores 

 on outside of a steplike structure called a basidium, from basis, or 

 pedestal. Examples, rusts, smuts, mushrooms, pore fungi, shelf fungi, 

 puffballs (see illustration, p. 594). 



Group 4 Lichens These curious structures are compound growths of 

 fungi and algae. The fungal partner is generally an ascomycete; the 

 algal partner is a green alga related to pleurococcus or to one of the 

 blue-green algae. Examples, rock tripe, reindeer moss, Iceland moss, 

 Spanish moss. 



PHYLUM II BRYOPHYTES ("moss plants"). Mosses and their allies. This 

 phylum of plants shows several advances over the algae and fungi. There is a 

 well-marked sexual reproduction with archegonia and antheridia, as well as defi- 

 nite formation of spores; all have a regular alternation of sexual and asexual 

 generations. There is no vascular system, that is, no specialized conducting tissue 

 in the supporting structures. 



CLASS 1 HEPATICAE ("liver"). Liverworts; body consists of flat, leaf- 

 like, green, forking thallus; live in moist places. Examples, Marchantia, 

 Riccia. 



Plant 



Section of leal 

 Peat moss 



Haiicap moss 



Maium 



'^s^ 



689 



MAidenhaii fern 

 iAdiontum) 



Christmas fem 



(Polysttchum) 



