INDEX 



Plunkett, C. R., 98 

 Pogonophora, 149 

 Polar projection map, 324 

 Pollen, 122, 123-124 

 Polychaeta, 143 

 Polymastigina, 129 

 Polymorphism, 237-239 

 Polyp, of coelenterates, 136 

 Polyploidy, 293-307 



defined, 293 



generalizations on, 305-306 



in animals, 306-307 



induction of, 293-294 

 Polypterus, 161 

 Pompeii, 67 

 Population, constancy of, 3, 4 



size, eflFect on selection, 258 



structure, 258 

 Porifera, 133-134 



characters of, 133 



evolution of, 133-134 



fossils of, 71 



origin of, 133 

 Porcupine, predation upon, 248 



warning colors of, 243 

 Porphyropsin, 60 

 Position effects, 219, 220 

 Potassium 40, 66 

 Potts, F. A., 154 

 Preadaptation, 152 



of enzymes, 96 

 Priapuloidea, 139 " 

 Primates, 176, 178-198 



appendix of, 42 



blood groups of, 59 



classification of, 181 



defined, 178 



serological relations of, 58 

 Frimula, 211 

 Proboscidea, 176 

 Proconsul, 184 

 Prodigality of nature, 4 

 Pronephros, 48 

 Propliopithecus, 183 

 Prosimians, in fossil record, 181-183 

 Protamine, in chromosomes, 55 

 Protective coloration, evaluated, 247-249 



reaction against, 246-247 

 Proteins, formation of, 94 

 Proterospongia, 129, 130, 133 

 Proterozoic Era, 63, 65 

 Proteus, blind salamander, 44 

 Protista, 103 

 Protoctista, 103-104 

 Protomonadina, 128 

 Protonema, of moss, 112, 113 

 Protoplasm, composition of, 54 

 Protopodite, 36, 37 

 Protopteridium, 120 

 Protopterus, 19 

 Protostome characters, 140 

 Protostomes, origin of, 141 

 Protostomia, 140-148 

 Protozoa, 89, 128-132 

 in fossil record, 71 

 relationships of, 128-132 

 representative, 130 



Pseudoalleles, 221 



Pseudoallelism, and theory of the gene, 



228-229 

 Pseudocoel, 139 

 Pseudosporochnus, 116, 120 

 Psilophytales, derivatives of, 115-117 

 Psilophytes, 114 

 Psilophyton, 114-115, 117 

 Psilopsida, 113, 114-117 

 Psilotales, 114 



polyploidy in, 306 

 Psilotum, 114, 116, 117 

 Ptarmigan, 16 



cryptic coloration in, 240 

 Pterodactyl, 170, 171 



wing of, 41-42 

 Pteropsida, 114, 120-124 



origin of, 116 

 Puffiniis, 28 



Pulmonary arteries, 48-49 

 Pure lines, and the agnostic reaction, 83 



rare in nature, 84 

 Purine, in nucleic acid, 55 

 Purity of gametes. Law of, 201 

 Pychnogonida, 146 

 Pyrimidine, in nucleic acid, 55 

 Pyrrophyta, 101 



Quantitative inheritance, 205 

 Quaternary Period, 64 

 Quayle, H. J., 237 



Rabbits, 273 



Radial symmetry, defined, 135 

 Radiation and evolution, 333-334 

 Radio-carbon dating, 66-67 

 Radiolaria, 129 



fossils of, 71 

 Radius, 39 

 Rana, 4 



seasonal isolation in, 275 

 Rancho La Brea, 68, 69 

 Random dispersal, restriction of, 272-274 

 Random mating, restriction of, 274-277 

 Raphanobrassica, 301 

 Rassenkreise, 211, 227 



and species formation, 267-269 

 Rates of evolution, 152, 330 

 Rats, 332-333 

 Ray, John, 336 

 Rays, 160 

 Recapitulation, in plants, 51 



summarized, 50 

 Recent Epoch, 64 

 Red-headed woodpecker, 27, 28 

 Redi, F., 90, 336 

 Red-winged blackbird, 27, 28 

 Renaissance, 54 

 Reproduction, in angiosperms, 123, 124 



in Chlamydomonas, 104-106 



in ciliates, 131 



in club mosses, 117-118 



in ferns, 121 



in flagellates, 128, 129 



in gymnosperms, 121, 122 



349 



