ip: CULPEPER's ENGLISH PHYSTCLAN, 
arifes, and through which-it is: obliquely drawn about, as far. as to. shauna 
‘Joins: Jt tas a double. membrane for. itrength fake, the upper is, from. the: pleura, 
to whiielr the pericardium is firmly faftened, and fomevimes alfa the lobes.of the! lungs; 
the lower is'from the peritoneum. Hae 
The mufcles‘of theback andloins are four pair ; ‘the firkt pair-is winnie 
hering to the tranfverfe procefies of the vertebra of the loins, arifing inwardly from 
ithe os tum and os facram, broadand flefhy. Its ufe is to bend: the vertebra of the 
loins. 2. Longifimum, arifes with an acute and’ ftrong tendon frony the extremity of — 
the as facrum, the vertebra of the loins, and os ilii, having the fame beginning with 
the facrolumbus ; to:the vertebra of the back it gives tendons like clafps, terminating 
fometimes inthe firft vertebra of the breaft, and fometimes at the mammillary procefes. 
3. Sacrum avifes from the os-facrum behind, being flefhy, and terminates inthe twelfth — 
vertebra of the breaft. 4. Semifpinatum, which arifes where the former ends, and en» 
bracing all the fpines of the vertebra of the breaft, and giving them: tendons, ‘it ter- 
minates in the fpine of the firft- vertebra of the breaft. The ufes of thefe chreedat 
"are to extend the breaft, loins, and their vertebre: if all theeight pail) 
hold the back ftraight, and as it were: uphold a man. | out Sime - 
The mufcles of the'abdomen or belly cover the lower belly, dndk have atest : 
partly from ‘their fituation and rife, and partly from their figure They’ ‘are in 
number ten, or five pair, whofe principal ufes are to impel the internal’ parts, and 
‘to move the os /acrwm and iliam : or to make a proper retention and compreffion ‘of — 
the parts'in the belly: to provoke voiding the exctements, or help the expulfive fa- 
‘culty of the womb and bladder. Their temperament is hot and moift, to’ chetifh 
“patural heat and -concoétion : they ate moderately thick, to defend the parts, and, : 
. when very flefhy, they add much to the comelinefs of the body. The'firft pair 4s 
obliques defcendens, {o called by reafon of its fibres, which defcend baa ult 
il es in the t breaft from the lower part of the fixth, Sais and eighth, ribs, 
terminates in the white line by a broad tendon. 2. Obliquus aftendens is pe 
= bext the former, in a triangular figure, rifing fefhy fbn che ith of the os ili, 1 ‘bot 
ss jembi ran US from the fharp proceffes of the vertebre of the loins, and from the a 
‘fharp_ ae of the « as ye it afcends cerca and terminates, in a double 
QI SER | i appeas ay 
avel, for below it it is united infepatably. % Mafealis rth iis ori- 
fei the 
cra it; and veins ; which re the longitude of it, viz. the mamn iri d ine 
tes from the breafts, and the epigaftrice ofcendentes from the womb i in wo 
