92 FARMERS' INSTITUTES. 



tedder and put clover in the same day it is cut when I can get around to it. Of 

 course it will not do to put it in with dew on or outside dampness. 



Dr. Godfrey : I dump my clover at the bottom of a tight barn and pitch my 

 wheat on top of that. 



!^^r. Beaumont : Does your mow sweat ? 



Dr. Godfrey : I don't know. 



Secretary Clark : Does the steam never hurt the wheat ? 



Dr. Godfrey : Never. 



Mr. Moody: Can wo get more benefit from permanent pasture than from 

 plowing and re-seeding? Mr. Moody asked to see the hands of those who pre- 

 ferred ])C'rnianent pasture, and three hands were raised. Those who preferred 

 reseodini,'- showed 100 hands. 



Mr. Moody: My permanent pastures stood long drouths and I think we 

 ought to keep some fields in this shape, particularly new fields while the 

 Btuni]is are rotting. 



Mr. lliuks: I tliink we will come to a time when the soiling system will 

 suiK'rscde ])asturing. 



Mr. Fritz: Does Mr. Moody think a permanent pasture better than one- 

 re-seeded? 



Mr. Moody: I do. 



Mr. Sl);i\v: I voted in favor of permanent pasture, ^fy father lived in a 

 great did ry country in Ohio and there they pursued that })olicy. In Leu iwee 

 County they do the same and my own experience is in favor of permanent 

 pasture.-'. 



Mr. lIufTman: The Oliio practice 1^, to frequently change pastures, not to 

 let cattle run too long on one pie^e. In tliis way permanent pasture is best. 

 I know of fields that have stood forty years in pasture, but tlie cattle arc only 

 allowed to run a short time on each field. 



Mr. Keid: I woultl like to ask those from Ohio if they think Michigan soils 

 as well adapted to permanent pasture as Ohio soils. I qui'stion it. I am not 

 familiar with Ohio soils, but think in general that permanent pasture is not a 

 good ])olicy on Michigan soils. 



Mr. Moody: Most of us have certain fields which are well adapted to per- 

 manent i»asture, even though some of our fields may not be so. High and 

 sandy soils need clovering ami re-soe>ling to keep them in condition. 



Prof. J5eal: Many of us have ancestors from Great Britain, where permanent 

 pasture is common. It is true that dani]) soils will often do better as per- 

 manent pasture, but uplands and lighter or dryer soils should be re-seeded. 



Secretary Chamberlain pays that a lield ])lowed once in three years will pro- 

 duce three times as much hay as the same land un])lowed. 



Clover and timothv, our ])rincipal hay crops, are not suited to permanent 

 pastures, whereas meadow fescue and some others of the more common English 

 grasses will do better for such puri)oses. 



Mr. Fritz: The chief trouble of our permanent pasture is, as stated, the kind 

 of grass used. Permanent pastures are. best with a great variety of grast^es, 

 often as many as twenty-five or thirty, and this gives tlavor and qualiiy to 

 the butter. So in our meadows, by sowing a greater variety of grasses we would 

 get better results. 



Mr. Shaw: As to permanent meadow the trouble is in p:isturing as soon as 

 mown. You can't mow and pasture too. Keep your cattic otf and you'll get 

 one-third more hay. Farmers complain of grasses running out. The trouble 

 is they are killed out by pasturing after mowing. Clover will last ten years if 

 not pastured. 



