166 



FARMERS' INSTITUTES. 



or sand to 

 back peat 

 vantage in 

 exercising 

 would cover 

 with turf or 

 ing the tile 

 causes. It is 

 fact just wide 

 place. The tile 

 pin, and at least 

 by hand — the point 

 disturbing them. 



compressible and so light that it mixes with water into a 

 sort of pudding if stirred. If you can get the tiles laid 

 neatly in place without stirring up the bottom of the 

 ditch, there is no further danger. If, however, you dig 

 too deep in any place, it will be almost impossible to ever 

 get a firm bottom in that place. If such an acci- 

 dent occurs, the best policy is to carry in gravel 

 form a support for the tiles. Do not throw 

 to form a bottom to lay tiles on. There is no ad- 

 laying tile on a board and no particular need of 

 more care with the joints than on other soils. I 

 the top portions of the joints in every case 

 broken tile, more for the purpose of prevent- 

 getting displaced when filling, than from other 

 better not to have the ditch any too wide, in 

 enough on the bottom to crowd the tile in 

 should be laid from the bank with a rod and 

 one-half the filling should be done 

 being to get the tile in place without 



(See 



I3I0W 

 per- 



An excellent adjustable scoop can 

 be obtained of Chambard Bros., Fay- 

 ette, 0., much cheaper than your 



blacksmith can 

 make them. These 

 scoops or shovels 

 are the best for that 

 purpose now made, 

 and many hardware 

 stores now keep 

 them in stock 

 cut.) 



The mole 

 makes quite 

 manent drains in 

 peaty soils. The 

 channel left by the 

 plow is not perman- 

 ent in sandy soils, 

 in fact it is of little 

 value, but in clay 

 or peat the channels are quite permanent, and the mole plow affords 

 affords a cheap way of underdraining. Twenty years ago the mole plow was 

 used quite extensively in England and to a certain extent in this country; 

 •of late years, however, the demand for it has been limited, and I do not 

 know of any manufacturer engaged in making the simple mole plow. 

 Several patent tile machines use a mole plow which pulls into the ground a 

 string of tiles. 



