238 AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE BULLETINS. 



golden and pale red. As these are now present in our gardens, we must sup- 

 j)ose that they have heen re-originated. The cultivation of the tomato for 

 market dates from about 1 800 in England and about 1830 in this country. In 

 1847* three varieties were grown for the table in the United States, the Large 

 Eed, Large Smooth Red, and the Pear-shaped. The Cherry tomato appears to 

 have been grown as a curiosity. During the last twenty-five years a perplexing 

 catalogue of new varieties has been presented. Many of the varietal names 

 current a few years ago have become extinct, although it is probable that most 

 of the varieties which they represented are still grown under other names. 

 The following are some of the old names which do not appear in catalogues 

 this year : Bermuda, Large Red, Giant Apple, Improved Apjjle, Large Eed Oval 

 Pruited, Mexican, Round Yellow, Seedless, White's Extra Early, Funchal, Arling- 

 ton, Keyes's Early Prolific, Early York, Maupay's Superior, Mammoth Chihua- 

 hua, Cedar Hill Early, Foard, Eureka, Chorlton's Prolific, Early Dwarf Red, 

 Sims's Early Cluster, Grape Shot, Turk's Caj), Blount's Champion Cluster, 

 Howard, Lyman's Mammoth Cluster, Xew Japanese, Piiinted, Powell's, Red 

 Chief, Triumph, Early Richmond, Jones's Early Hybrid, Wonder of Italy, 

 Standard Market and Shipping, Red Plum. 



§ A. VuLGAEE. — Common tomatoes. Plant weak, requiring support ; leaves 

 ordinary; fruit commonly as broad as long or broader, usually more than 

 two-celled. 



a. Market or marketable sorts: 

 * Fruit red or pinTc : 



I. The angular tomatoes. — Fruit medium or beloAv in size, mostly 

 very flat, plane on top, more or less cornered, the lobes most con- 

 sj)icuous on the bottom and sides. This is the type of the original 

 Large Red, the first market tomato. The type is almost lost in 

 many of our later improvements, and it is now too inconstant, 

 perhaps, to be relied ujion as a sectional character. In all char- 

 acters used in distinguishing cultural varieties, however, one must 

 rely only upon the average of many observations. The old Large 

 Red Avas mostly dropped from cultivation some fifteen or sixteen 

 years ago. In 1818f tomatoes in England averaged about twenty 

 pounds of fruit to the plant, gome plants producing as high as 

 forty pounds. The largest fruits somewhat exceeded twelve 

 inches in circumference and weighed twelve ounces. These were 

 probably the Large Red variety. 

 Leaflets " curled " ; i. e., involute. 



1.. Tom TJmmh. — Plant small, two to two and a half feet high 

 when tied ; leaflets very much curled, so that the upper sur- 

 face is often nearly hidden; fruit early, the larger specimens 

 from two to three inches across, usually less than an inch 

 ' and a half deep, mostly much angled, clear dark red, firm 

 and meaty. A pretty sort, rijiening early. 

 2. Huhhard^s Curled Leaf. — Plant larger than in the last: leaf- 

 lets less curled; fruit more variable in size and shape and 

 approaching more nearly the character of the apple-shaped 

 sorts, dark yellowish-red, firm. 



* Buist's Familv Kitchen Gardener, 120. 

 + Hort. Trans. Lond. iii. 346. 



