208 STATE POMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 



MANAG KMENT OF LAWN. 



Thomas McCluini, landscape gardener of Hartford, Connecticut, says of the 

 management of lawns in America, that — 



1. The drier climate of America requires a deeper and richer soil than Eng- 

 land, to maintain a continued green through the heat of the summer. 



2. Terraces are properly objected to and denounced, as being unnatural and 

 discordant with true taste. 



3. Sewers, where necessary, and underdrains, are the first requirements when 

 a lawn is intended. 



4. The reasons for drainage are, access to the air, and the admission of the 

 rains to pass through it, so that "it is treated like a dirty garment, and is 

 washed, aired, and dried." 



5. Deep tillage and manuring are the foundation of success with American 

 lawns, — the soil to be uniform in texture and quality, to prevent spots, — and 

 trenching, keeping the rich soil at the surface, being essential. 



6. Sow in freshly mellowed soil ; and if there are many annual weeds, sow 

 in autumn, that the winter may kill them ; but if there has been much grading 

 and filling, sow in spring after the settled surface has been smoothed. Steep 

 hillsides are recommended to be sown in summer, to prevent washing; but we 

 suggest a better way to secure the surface by the roots of a thin crop of rye 

 sown the previous autumn, and then sow the grass among this crop in spring, 

 cutting the rye away as soon as the grass is well established. 



7. Roll in spring old or new lawns, to smooth the surface, and tiller the 

 grass. 



8. Avoid coarse or lumpy manure, and apply as a surface dressing either finely 

 pulverized compost, or a mixture of guano and superphosphate of lime. 



9. Keep the grass cut short from the first, to cause it to grow thick and form 

 a dense carpet. 



10. Never adopt the absurd practice of allowing the grass to grow tall, to 

 cut for hay. 



11. After many trials, the selection of grass for each acre is narrowed down 

 to Kentucky blue grass, two bushels; red-top, one and one-half bushels: white 

 clover, two to four pounds. For dry and gravelly ground, increase the white 

 clover, and depend less on the grasses. Sow the clover and grass seed sepa- 

 ratelv, as the latter is lighter and cannot be thrown so far. 



WESTERN NEW YORK HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



The following notes are from the proceedings of the twenty-second annual 

 meeting of the Western Xew York Horticultural Society. 



CULTIVATION OF ORCHARDS. 



Question Xo. 1. — " Shall we cultivate our apple orchards?*' was called up for 

 discussion. 



Mr. E. Moody, of Lockport, opened the discussion by saying that it was unite 

 an important question. A good many fruit-growers have advocated seeding 

 down orchards, but he was wholly opposed to it. We hear of some orchards do- 



