EXPERIMENT STATION BULLETINS. 217 



WHALE-OIL SOAP. 



This remedy has the advantage of being ready made, requiring no 

 preparation other than that of dissolving. It may be used in winter or 

 summer. In winter it should be put on warm. It costs from three and 

 one-half to five cents per pound when purchased in quantity. For a 

 winter spray, against the San Jose scale, or any other scale, it should 

 be put on at the rate of two pounds to a gallon of water. Each part 

 of the tree should be wetted by the liquid, and the work should be done 

 toward spring if possible, but before the buds commence to swell. It 

 sometimes kills the fruit buds of peach and plum, especially is this true 

 if the spraying be done in the early or middle part of the winter. 



A summer spray, against plant-lice, etc., is prepared by dissolving 

 one pound of the soap in from four to six gallons of water, and applying 

 as in the case of kerosene-emulsion. 



INSECT POWDER, BUHACH, PYRETHRUM. 



This valuable remedy has one drawback, its co€t. It is too expensive 

 for use on a large scale. It kills insects through their breathing pores, 

 but is harmless to man and beast. It will kill many of the insects of 

 the garden if dusted on or mixed with water in the proportion of one 

 ounce to two gallons of water. 



Use the powder when it is undesirable to use poisons, but never buy 

 any unless it comes in tightly sealed packages. It loses its strength on 

 short exposure to the air. An hour will suffice to weaken it. It must 

 be applied from time to time as it quickly loses its strength. 



T0P>ACC0. 



Tobacco, in the form of dust, may be obtained of the large manufac- 

 turers at the rate of from one and one-half to two cents a pound. It is 

 useful in destroying root-lice, especially woolly aphis, in young trees, 

 and in keeping insects from garden truck. It should be worked into 

 the ground liberally for root-aphis. 



An infusion, or tea, made from waste, will kill plant-lice if sprayed 

 on when they first appear. Steep in sufficient water to cover the waste 

 stems and dilute until the color is that of strong tea. 



DRY-SLAKED LIME, 



Finely slaked lime is often useful because of its slight caustic proper- 

 ties. Against such larvse of saw-flies and beetles as are sticky, for in- 

 stance those of the cherry-slug and asparagus beetle, it may be used 

 as a substitute for poison, if the latter, for some reason, is undesirable. 



Stone lime may be slaked with a small amount of hot water, using 

 just enough to turn it to a dry powder. Such slaked lime is as fine as 

 flour and very soft to the touch having very little grit. Use a metal 

 pail or kettle to slake in as the heat will set fire to wood. Do not use too 

 much water, and where possible use freshly burned lime. 



CARBOLIC-ACID EMULSION. 



Hard soap, one pound, or soft soap, one quart. 

 Water (boiling) one gallon. 

 Crude carbolic-acid, one pint. 



28 



