334 STATE BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. 



of the fruit, when the trees are sprayed with Bordeaux mixture. It 

 has been ascribed to various causes, including the lime, and the arsenic 

 or Paris green that are used in Bordeaux mixture. While the exact 

 cause is not known, it has been noticed that it is most troublesome 

 in seasons when there are frequent showers in July and August. Then 

 the injury was far more severe in 1005 than in 1904. 



The indications are that the trouble is due to the copper sulphate 

 which becomes soluble in some Avay and causes the injury to the epi- 

 dermis, when the climatic conditions are correct. That this is the case, 

 rather than that the injury comes from the lime or Paris green was 

 shown quite conclusively during the last year when it was noticed that 

 trees sprayed wXh sulphate of iron, Paris green and lime dM not show 

 it, while the russetting was quite noticeable where sulphate of copper, 

 lime and Paris green were used. The only difference was the substitu- 

 tion of the sulphate of iron for sulphate of copper. The remedy appears 

 to be to lessen the amount of copper sulphate used after the first of 

 July. 



The varieties that are very easily injured by russetting are Jonathan, 

 Ben Davis, Wagener, Longfield, Minkler and Smokehouse; others that 

 are quite likely to show it are Rhode Island, Grimes, Mason Orange, 

 Gravenstein, Mcintosh and Wealthy. Those that seem the most re- 

 sistant are Oldenburg, Titovka, Borovinka, Gideon, Hubbardston and 

 Morris. 



Notes on Varieties. 



Only a few new varieties fruited for the first time this season. The 

 following varieties gave good yields this year: Oldenburg, Gideon, 

 Longfield, Wealthy, Washington Strawberry, McMahon, No. 1 New, 

 Thompson No. 29, Wagener, Grimes, Hubbardston, Munson, Water, 

 Stuart, Rambo, Tolman, Stark, Indian, Walker, Dickinson and Mason 

 Orange. Excellent results have been secured from the following well- 

 known sorts : Summer — Yellow Transparent, Oldenburg ; Fall — Wealthy, 

 Gideon, Washington Strawberry, Gravenstein and Bailey Sweet; Win- 

 ter — Mcintosh, Wagener, Hubbardston, Grimes, Jonathan, Rhode Island, 

 Morris, Indian, Ontario and Tolman. Trees of Northern Spy planted 

 in 1888 have failed to fruit as yet and Red Canada, another most ex- 

 cellent winter kind planted at the same time has borne but very little. 

 These varieties wliile late in coming into bearing are excellent winter 

 sorts and could be planted to advantage by setting them forty feet 

 apart each way for permanent trees and using varieties like Yellow 

 Transparent, Oldenburg, Wealthy, and Wagener as fillers. Some of the 

 more promising of the newer kinds just coming into bearing are: For 

 summer — Bath, Benoni and Dudley; for fall — Fanny and Glowing Coal; 

 for winter — Arkansas, Boiken, Milwaukee, Arnold, Doctor, Sutton, 

 Beauty, Stuarts Golden, Hyde King and Sweet Orange. 



New Varieties. 



Black Ben Davis:— From Stark Brothers, Louisiana, Mo., in 1900. 

 Of medium size, roundish, oblate-conic. Basin quite deep, abrupt; cavity 

 deep, narrow and russetted; stem of medium length, slender. Color, hand- 



