AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF NURSERYMEN. 309 



that I have just mentioned, or some other, I hope, I earnestly hope, that 

 the time will come, within the next two or three years at least, when the 

 fniit catalogues of the entire United States will be correct in their nomen- 

 clature. 



The resolution as offered by Mr. Patten of Iowa was adopted. 



QUESTION BOX. 



Secretary Geeen: The question is asked, "Is the Abundance plum 

 identical with the Japan plum, Botan? Budded trees look alike, and the 

 description of the fniit is about the same, even to the matter of ripening." 



Another question : "Is the Myrobolan the best plum stock for foreign 

 varieties of plum; does it make as strong a root as the other plum stocks?" 



Another question: " Is there any particular advantage in budding or 

 grafting apples on the whole roots when trees are transplanted to the 

 orchard in the usual way?" I can say that, at Eochester, Chase Brothers 

 are using whole roots for their grafts. 



Mr. Samuels: I belive that Professor Budd experimented a great deal 

 in that line some years ago. I would like to hear from him. 



Professor Budd : I would say yes, that at one time I grafted a thousand 

 root-grafts at the crown, and I did not retain the whole root, but about 

 two thirds of the length of the root; they were rather long roots. Then I 

 grafted another thousand with the same varieties on sections of the root, 

 using the second and third sections and not using the crown. I used them 

 all for setting an orchard. The result in that case was, that those grafted 

 on the crown roots ( using two thirds of the length of the root and in some 

 cases more), when I came to take them up, had fewer fibers, but more 

 strong, far-reaching roots than the others. The second and third roots 

 were what would be called better trees to transplant. l)ecause they had 

 more fibers and but few of the strong, far-reaching roots, but the result in 

 orchards was very much in favor of the crown roots. Those were the only 

 ones ever planted by myself in orchards. In later experiments I find it is 

 always true with the apple that the crown-graft gives fewer roots, but 

 stronger, more far-reaching roots ; in my opinion it is the best. 



Mr. Patten of Iowa : Pardon me for rising too often, but I wish to say 

 that there would be an objection in the northwest for using the whole root, 

 as explained by Professor Budd, and it would occur in exceedingly dry 

 years. In dry falls it has been found that seedling roots are not sufficiently 

 hardy to depend upon entirely; that grafted trees, either at the roots or at 

 the sides, are hardier than our seedlings will average, and that such trees 

 will endure our extreme dry winters, when the roots will be frozen from 

 under those trees that have been grafted on the roots themselves. 



Mr. Samuels of Kentucky: I would ask Professor Budd if the second 

 section of the pear would not l)e better to graft upon than to use the long- 

 root? 



Professor Budd : My observation is that the second section of a pear 

 root does not contain starch enough to unite. I have never used the 

 second section of a pear root with good success; I suspect for the reason 

 there is not starch enough in it; and so with the cherry. You can graft 

 the crown of the cherry but it is very difficult, if net impossible, to graft 

 the second root of the cherry. 



