SUMMER MEETING, 1SS0. 83 



continually planting trees, but do not take care of them. Plant smooth, well- 

 grown trees, two or three years old, on high, dry soil, that have been raised on 

 land having more or less clay in it. Cultivate four or five years with some 

 hoed crop, and then seed to grass. Prune every year at any time when the 

 wood is not frozen ; keep pigs and chickens in the orchard ; encourage the 

 birds; take care of your fruit, and do not rush it on the market when it is 

 glutted. 



GENERAL DISCUSSION. 

 CABBAGE WORM. 



Dr. Boyd tried an experiment with the cabbage worm, and he found that the 

 progeny of one adult moth made three generations in four months, and was 

 capable of producing 27,000 offspring in four months' time. To kill them 

 he tried soap suds, salt, copperas, and hot water. All failed. Took four 

 boards 20 feet long, made a box and covered it with mosquito netting ; total 

 cost was $2.75. For four months saw the moths trying to get in ; worth to see 

 them fail, 25 cents per day, $30. Net profit, besides 150 cabbages, $27.25, 

 and nets and boards left. 



Mr. Mason — Dr. Boyd's method would not pay a market gardener, he raises 

 from 17,000 to 20,000 cabbages each year. The worms do not trouble those 

 in the interior of the field; we do nothing with them. Can catch the miller 

 with a scoop net. 



CURRANT WORM. 



Mr. Marsh — One-fourth pound of hellebore put in water and sprinkled on, 

 is good for 200 bushes. Mr. Eichie uses hellebore with impunity and raises 

 good currants. Mr. Trowbridge uses a hand bellows and blows sulphur on 

 them while the dew is on. Mr. Stevens kills them with sulphur. E. Y. Tease 

 kills them with Paris green. 



"NEW FOREIGN" FRUITS." 



E. Y. Tease — It was a matter of surprise to the writer, that China and 

 Japan, the oldest two nations in the world, living principally on vegetables, 

 have produced so little fruit. The Japanese government exhibited wax casts 

 of all their leading fruits cultivated or known in the empire, at the Centennial. 

 The entire collection, embracing apples, pears, plums, grapes, oranges, figs, 

 lemons, etc., contained only about 50 specimens ; while the Iowa Horticult- 

 ural Society had casts of over 1,000 specimens from a State not yet thirty 

 years old. 



The seedlings of the Chinese pears have already produced some very choice 

 varieties. The Sha-lea or Sand pear, and the Sewt-lea or Snow pear, are the 

 best varieties known to the Chinese. These fruits are as large and as golden 

 as large oranges, possessing also an agreeable flavor, with a delightful per- 

 fume ; they never become mellow and toothsome, but are good for canning 

 and preserving. The trees are remarkably hardy and vigorous and free from 

 blight; the leaves are two or three times the size of common pear leaves, and 

 thick and leathery. They withstand the heat and drouth of the South and 

 Southwest, and are thought to be hardier in the North than the common 

 pear. 



