MECHANICS AND USEFUL ARTS. 67 



the walls of the fire-chamber Ijcino^ lined with lime, as more re- 

 fractory than tire-clay. But even if this should not be realized, it 

 is at least probable that the earthy impurities of the ore would be 

 reduced to a peculiarly fluid condition, so that the blooms could 

 be easily treated under the hammer and brought into the form of 

 malleable iron. TJiere is hardly a branch of manufacture in 

 which heat is emijloyed upon the large scale in which furnaces on 

 the regenerative principle would not find an application. Small 

 gas furnaces could Ije made upon the same ijrinciijle, for labora- 

 tory use and for various processes in the arts, using ordinary city 

 gas as fuel, instead of gas produced by a special furnace. The 

 high temperature obtained in Gore's gas furnaces appears to he 

 due to the heating of the air and gas before they mix in combus- 

 tion. — American Journal of Scietice, May, 1865. 



SMOKE-CONSUMING APPARATUS. 



M. Emile Martin, in a work published in London, in 1865, de- 

 scribes his improved steam-generating apparatus. The leading 

 idea is the use of two fire-places, and, therefore, doul^lc firing? 

 From the upper part of each fire-place tubular flues rise up to a 

 chamber within the boiler; from this chamber descend one or 

 more flues, at whose lower portion is a perforated grating of fire- 

 clay, on Avhich there is constantly kept a quantity of glowing fuel ; 

 below this is a space communicating Avith a chimney into'which 

 the products of combustion are exhausted by means of a fan or 

 other contrivance for producing a draught. In order to try the 

 plan, the Great Eastern Railway Company ajiplied it to an old 

 locomotive, working as a stationary engine at the Stratford sta- 

 tion. This old boiler, with M. INIartin's apparatus, was able to 

 provide with steam an engine of a hundred horse-power, and 

 Avith an economy of thirtj^-three to forty per cent, over the fifty- 

 horse boilers close by. These boilers are still in good condition, 

 and the advantage over them, obtained by the old locomotive- 

 boiler- furnished with this apparatus, seems mainly duo to the 

 consumption of smoke obtained by the latter. The work also 

 contains a report from two engineers, showing that, by means of 

 this arrangement, ten pounds of water were evaporated by the 

 use o{ only one pound of fuel, exclusive of the fuel used for 

 getting up steam. A new locomotive on this plan Avas in process 

 of construction. — London Mechanics' Magazine, Feb., 1865. 



AMORY'S SMOKE -C0NSU3IING FURNACE. 



Mr. Jonathan Amory, of Boston, Mass., who has devoted many 

 years to the perfection of a smoke-consuming furnace, has re- 

 cently issued a pamphlet on the subject, from Avhich the following 

 are extracts : — 



" The subject of the economical application of heat for the pro- 

 duction of steam may be said, Avithout exaggeration, to be the 

 niost important for the consideration of every large manufiictur- 

 ing, agricultural, and mercantile community ; and one, too, the 



