46 OX THE EDUCATIONAL VALUE ii 



burglar from the marks made b}' his shoe, by a 

 mental process identical with that by which Cuvier 

 restored the extinct animals of Montmartre from 

 fragments of their bones. Nor does that process 

 of induction and deduction by which a lady, find- 

 ing a stain of a peculiar kind upon her dress, con- 

 cludes that somebody has upset the inkstand there- 

 on, differ in any way, in kind, from that by which 

 Adams and Leverrier discovered a new planet. 



The man of science, in fact, simply uses with 

 scrupulous exactness the methods which we all, 

 habitually and at every moment, use carelessly; 

 and the man of business must as much avail him- 

 self of the scientific method — must be as truly a 

 man of science — as the veriest bookworm of us 

 all; thoudi I have no doubt that the man of busi- 

 ness will find himself out to be a philosopher with 

 as much surprise as M. Jourdain exhibited when 

 he discovered that he had been all his life talking 

 prose. If, however, there be no real difference be- 

 tween the methods of science and those of common 

 life, it would seem, on the face of the matter, 

 highly improbable that there should be any 

 difference between the methods of the dilferent 

 sciences; nevertheless, it is constantly taken for 

 granted that there is a very wide difference be- 

 tween the Physiological and other sciences in 

 point of method. 



In the first place it is said — and I take this 

 point first, because the imputation is too frequent- 



