144 SCIENCE AND CULTURE vi 



and deep foundation for that criticism of life, 

 ■which constitutes culture. 



Indeed, to any one acquainted with the scope 

 of physical science, it is not at all evident. Con- 

 sidering progress only in the " intellectual and 

 spiritual sphere," I find myself wholly unable to 

 admit that either nations or individuals will really 

 advance, if their common outfit draws nothing from 

 the stores of physical science. I should say that 

 an army, without weapons of precision and with no 

 particular base of operations, might more hopefully 

 enter upon a campaign on the Ehine, than a man, 

 devoid of a knowledge of what physical science has 

 done in the last century, upon a criticism of life. 



When a biolocrist meets with an anomalv, he 

 instinctively turns to the study of development to 

 clear it up. The rationale of contradictory opin- 

 ions may with equal confidence be sought in history. 



It is, happil}^, no new tiling that Englishmen 

 should employ their wealth in building and en- 

 dowing institutions for educational purposes. 

 But, five or six hundred years ago, deeds of foun- 

 dation expressed or implied conditions as nearly 

 as possible contrary to those which have been 

 thought expedient by Sir Josiah Mason. That is 

 to say, physical science was practically ignored, 

 while a certain literary training was enjoined as 

 a means to the acquirement of knowledge which 

 was essentially theological. 



