568 



Index 



transport in soil, 251-252 



see also Nutrients 

 Photosynthesis, 82 



adapted to Arctic, 102 



canopy structure, 131-134 



Cj and C4 plants, 102 



carbon fixation, 466-467 



competency, 127, 138 



diurnal course, 116-117 



efficiency, 465 



evergreens, 203 



foliage area index, 132-133 



grazing, 119 



irradiance, 110-112, 127-128 



leaf area, 138 



leaf development, 106-107 



models, 120-123 



mosses, 112-115, 119 



nutrients, 184 



plant pathogens, 119 



photosynthetically active radi- 

 ation (PAR), 78-79, 465 



potential, 108, 140 



primary production, 71-74 



rate, 103, 126 



seasonal course, 108, 116-119, 

 135-138 



spatial variability, 109 



temperature, 112-115, 123-126, 

 138 



water, 115-116, 128-131 

 Plants 



growing season, 4 



number of species, 6-7 



physiological adaptation, 67 

 Polygons 



characteristics, 16-20 



decomposer activities, 308 



decomposition in troughs, 405 



development, 20-21 



fungi, 264-266, 268-269, 274, 

 283 



invertebrates, 421 



lemming habitat, 344-345, 405 



nutrient-transport hypothesis, 

 406-408 



plant succession, 207 



snow cover, 41 



soils, 22, 219-234, 405 



species diversity, 209 



types, 16, 20-21 



vegetation, 209, 405 

 Polysaccharides 



see TNC 

 Population dynamics 



Dupontia, 176-177 

 Potassium absorption, 165-168 

 Precipitation, 31-32, 35 



annual average, 52 



interannual variability, 35-37, 

 65 



nutrient input, 239-240 

 Predation 



model of avian, 370 



on lemmings, 337, 360-371 

 Predators, 410 



avian, 360 



mammalian, 360 



numbers, 362-366 



nutrient transport, 408 



prey selection, 366 

 Primary production, 100, 209, 

 481 



aboveground, 69-70 



affected by short summer, 467 



belowground, 69-70 



efficiency, 465 



invertebrate, 422-423 



limitations on, 140, 464 



measurement, 67 



rates, 144, 472 



seasonal progression, 71-74 



species diversity, 199 

 Production 



bacteria, 280-281 



fungi, 278-280 



microbial, 288, 328-330 



trophic systems, 335 



4 



I 



