402 



INDEX 



tions: 302, 346, 347, criticism of, 

 335, 336, 343, 346, 347; on cause 

 and regulation of reactions, 369; on 

 origin of adaptive reactions, 371. 



Lotze, 9. 



Lubbock, 10; 24; 235; 265; on effect 

 of different colors on reactions of : 

 Daphnia, 310, 335-343, 362, ants, 

 348-352, bees, 352-355- 



Lumbricus, 199; reactions in colors, 

 344. See Earthworms. 



Lunularia, 288; 313. 



Lupinus albus, 21. 



Luther and Forbes, photochemical 

 reactions, 312. 



Lutianus griseus, 358. 



Lyon, 264. 



Mach, 344. 



Machine, defined (Driesch), 375. 



Maja, verrucosa and squinado, 355; 



357- 

 Mammals, 343; 360; color vision in, 



364. 



Massart, 12; reversal in reactions 273. 



Maya aranaria, 247. 



McCook, 354. 



Medusae, reactions to light, 164, 165. 



Melolontha, 346. 



Merejkowsky, 337. 



Metazoa, 47. 



Mimosa, 7; 286. 



Minkiewicz, definition of tropism, 

 56; effect of concentration of me- 

 dium on reactions, 284; 354; reac- 

 tions of Crustacea to color, 355- 

 358. 



Mitsukuri, reversal in reactions, 286. 



Modifiability, in behavior, 264-301; 

 368; chemical regulation of, 370. 

 See Acclimatization. 



Mollusks, 233; 243; reactions to 

 shadows, 247; acchmatization, 

 248; 257; 259; 260; 343, 



Monkey, color vision, 360. 



Morse, reactions of Gonionemus, 164. 



Mosquito larvae, reactions to 

 shadows, 247; 249; 257; 260, 



Moths, flight of, into flame, 227, 228; 

 adaptation, 237; change in reac- 

 tions, 280; 346. 



Motor reaction, defined, 45, 



Motor reflex, 17; defined, 45; 240. 



Mouse, dancing, color vision, 360. 



Movement, random, as a factor in 

 orientation, 50, 51, 157; rate of, 

 in: swarm-spores and Vol vox, 100, 

 loi, Euglena, 102, no. Hydra, 

 151, Musca larvae, 184-189, 

 earthworms, 199, Planaria, 208; 

 random, in Musca larvae, 189-192, 

 196; random, as a factor in orien- 

 tation of earthworms, 203, 232; 

 effect of random, on aggregation, 

 239-241, 245; periodic, in plants, 

 286; periodic, in Littorina, etc., 

 286; cause of change in, 366. 



Muller, H., 13; 354. 



Miiller, J., vitalism, general physi- 

 ology, 8, 9; 52. 



Muller, N. J. C, 60; change in sense 

 of reactions (seedlings), 265; re- 

 actions of seedlings in spectrum, 



317, 319- 

 Musca larvae, 50; orientation in 



light from two sources, 87, 177, 

 197; 88; orientation according to 

 Loeb, 175; locomotion, 176; ac- 

 curacy of orientation, 177; orien- 

 tation perpendicular to the rays, 

 180-183; distribution of sensitive 

 tissue, 183, 184, 188; effect of light 

 intensity on rate of locomotion, 

 184-189, 197; random movements, 

 189-192, 196; acclimatization of, 

 189, 190, 197; mechanics of orien- 

 tation, 189-197, 232; orientation 

 compared with that in Euglena 



