404 DE. A. B. EENDLE— SYSTEMATIC 



in collum spiniferum transeunte; autliera uDiloculari tandem in pedicello longo 



spatbam oblique praeruptam excedente ; poUine oblongo ; ovario nudo oblongo, stylo 



stigmatibus geminis cum processubus spiniferis binis instructo ; fructu parvo 



oblongo, pericarpio ad semen leve conformante ; testa polita, areas autem plus 



minus sexangulares parvas numerosas permonstrante. 



Slender and graceful in habit, often plumose from the short, spreading, densely-leaved 



tufts of brancblets, which in the low-growing forms conduce to a bushy growth. Leaves 



1 to 25 cm. long, generally about f mm. broad, with 20 to 36 teeth on each margin and 



6 to 13 on the sloping shoulder of the sheath ; margin strengthened by a layer of narrow 



elongated hypodermal cells. Intravaginal scales filiform, sometimes broader at the base, 



sometimes lanceolate, f mm. long, fertile branches protogynous, a few male flowers 



appearing just beneath the aj)ex, while in the lower leaf-axils all stages can be found 



between young female flowers and ripe fruit. 



Male flowers 2-5 to 3"25 mm. long ; stalk elongating before dehiscence, and pushing 

 the anther, enveloped by the periantli, through the laterally split spathe. 



Female flowers about 2*5 mm. long. Fruit 2*5 to 3 mm. 

 North-west Europe — Scotland (Loch Clunie, Perth) ; Ireland (Connemara, Oliver and 

 others : Killarney, More and others) ; North Germany (Binow-See : Parstein- 

 See); Apland (LakeHederen, i^r«>s) ; Finland (Lake Wesijarvi). Recorded fossil 

 from recent beds in Hanover, Holstein, S.W. Norway, Sw^eden, and East Einland. 

 North America — Generally distributed in Canada and the Northern United States. I 

 have seen specimens from Canada {Macoun, nos. 1437, 4803), ( ClegJiorn) ; British 

 Columbia (Jf«c?o^f/^) ; Minnesota j Philadelphia (iY«if/a//) ; ^ew Yovk {Tor rey) ; 

 Boston; Maine {Fernald, no. 119); Washington; Iowa (Morong) ; Missouri 

 {Mackenzie, no. 7 Q2) ; New England (Curtiss) ; New Hamjishire (Engelmann) ; 

 Cincinnati [Clark); Oregon {Lyall), 



Var. microcarpa, Nilss. in Bot. Notis. 1881, 147; Hartm. Handb. Skand. El. (ed. 12) 



^ 62 (1889). 

 Planta brunneo-viridis, fructu minore. 



Distinguished by its small fruit, which is only 2 to 2 25 mm. long. Perhaps only a 

 small-fruited form of the type. 



Sweden — Lake Bingsjon (Nilsson, and in Schultz, Herb. Norm. no. 1878). 



Var. ROBUSTA, Morong in Bot. Gaz. x. (1885) 255, et in Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, iii. no. 2, 



(1893) 60 ; A. Gray, Man. Bot. i^ed. 6] 566 (1890). 

 Planta caule robusto, elongato, sparse ramoso et paucifoliato ; foliis linearibus, planis, 

 abrupte acutis. 

 Leaves 10 to 15 mm. long, 15 to 2 mm. broad. 



" Pound rising to the surface in still ponds, in water 4 to 6 ft. deep. Sterile plants 

 only seen." 



North America — East Massachusetts ; Michigan ; Texas ( Wright). Not seen. 

 Perhaps a form of N. microdovi. 



