Marva. MALVACEÆ. 45 
ORDER XXI.—MALVACEÆ. Juss. 
Sepals 4, rarely 3-5, more or less cohering at the base, often having 
an external calyx or involucel: æstivation valvate. Petals hypogy- 
nous, equal in number to the sepals: :stivation twisted. Stamens hy- 
pogynous, monadelphous, indefinite or rarely as few as the petals. 
Anthers l-celled, reniform, bursting transversely. Ovarium formed 
by the union of several carpels round a common axis, either distinct or 
cohering: styles as many as the carpels, united or free, entire or cleft : 
stigmas as many, or twice as many, as the carpels. Fruit capsular or 
baccate: carpels 1- or many-seeded, sometimes closely united, some- 
times separate or separable. Dehiscence loculicidal or septicidal.  Al- 
bumen 0, or in very small quantity. Embryo curved: cotyledons 
twisted and doubled up.—Leaves alternate, stipulate. Hairs stellate. 
I. MALVA. Linn. ; Lam. ill. t. 582 ; Gertn. fr. t. 136. 
Calyx 5-cleft, persistent, surrounded by an involucel of usually 3, rarely 
1-2 or 5-6, more or less oblong or setaceous bracteoles. Ovarium with many 
cells, each with one ovule. Styles as many as the cells. Carpels several 
(rarely only 5), capsular, indehiscent, 1-seeded, circularly arranged round 
the axis. Radicle inferior. 
In the following, as wel! as in all the species of the genus, except two from the 
auritius, the carpels are numerous, and placed so closely side by side, as, before 
maturity, to resemble a flattish disk. 
162. (1) M. Mauritiana (Linn.:) annual: stems erect, herbaceous: leaves 
cordate, with 5 obtuse lobes : petioles nearly glabrous, or tomentose on their 
upper side: pedicels several together, axillary, 1-flowered: bracteoles 3, 
ovate, obtuse: corolla (purple) much longer than the calyx: carpels wrinkled 
on the back.—DC.! prod. 1. p. 432; Cav. diss. 2. t. 25. f. 2; Wall. L. n. 
1877; Wight! cat. n. 166.—M. Mauritanica, Spr. syst. 3. p. 90. 
163, (2) M. rotundifolia (Linn.:) stems herbaceous, patulous : leaves cor- 
date, roundish, shortly and obtusely lobed, crenated: petioles elongated, 
nearly glabrous, or hairy, or with only a line of hairs on their upper side: 
dicels several together, unequal, the longest scarcely so long as the distance 
tween the leaves, axillary, 1-flowered, bent downwards when in fruit : 
bracteoles 3, oblong-linear: corolla (pale purple): carpels prominently 
wrinkled and reticulated on the back. —DC. prod. 1. p. 433 ; Spr. syst. 3. p. 90 ; 
Cav. diss. t. 26. f. 3—a ; flowers several times longer than the calyx: brac- 
teoles narrow oblong, slightly obtuse.—Wall.! L. n. 1884.e; Wight! cat. n. 
165. a.—g ; flowers scarcely longer than the calyx: bracteoles linear, piget 
Men ! L. n. 1884. f.; Wight. cat. n. 165. 5.—2^ from Mysore ; Heyne.—s 
ura. 
M. rosea, Roxb. in E. I. C. mus. tab. 670; and Herb. Smith, appears to be 
this Species. 
IL. ALTHZEA. Linn. ; Lam. ill. t. 581; Gertn. fr. t. 136. 
Calyx surrounded by a 6-9-cleft involucel. Carpels numerous, capsular, 
closely and circularly arranged round the axis. 
164. (1) A. Coromandeliana (Cav.:) stem erect, hispid or pono: pe- 
oles tomentose: leaves tomentose, roundish, reniform or cordate T a sa 
cate at the base, slightly and obtusely lobed ; upper ones tomentose : flowers 
. 
