SAMADERA. SIMARUBEZ. 151 
ORDER XLIX.—SIMARUBE/JE. Rich. 
Flowers usually bisexual, sometimes unisexual, regular. Calyx 4-5- 
divided. Petals as many as the sepals and alternate with them, hypo- 
gynous, spreading or connivent into a kind of tube: æstivation twisted. 
Stamens twice as many as the petals: each filament arising from the 
back of a hypogynous scale: anthers opening longitudinally. Torus 
à gynophore, bearing the stamens round its base, and the ovaries on its 
summit. Ovaries 5: ovule solitary in each cell, suspended from the 
inner angle near the apex: styles distinct at the base, but above it 
uniting into one: stigmas 4—5, distinct or combined. Fruit of 4—5 in- 
dehiscent drupes arranged round the summit of the gynophore. Seeds 
pendulous: testa membranaceous. Albumen none. Radicle superior, 
short, partly concealed within the thick cotyledons.— Shrubs or trees. 
Leaves alternate, exstipulate, without dots, simple or compound. 
I. SAMADERA. Gertn. fr. t. 156.—Niota. Lam, ill. t. 299. 
Flowers bisexual Calyx short, 4-5-partite. Petals 4-5, much longer 
than the calyx. Stamens 8-10, shorter than the petals. Gynophore short, 
narrow, stalk-like, Ovaries 4-5. Styles as many, distinct at the base, soon 
uniting together into one which is longer than the petals and terminated by 
an acute stigma. Fruit of 1 or more carpels (usually fewer than the ovaries 
from abortion), drupaceous.—Trees or shrubs. Leaves alternate, simple, re- 
ticulately veined. Peduncles axillary or terminal, pendulous in fruit, divided 
at the apex into a 5-12-flowered umbel.—Parts of the flower 4 or occasion- 
ally 5. 
483. (1) S. Indica (Geertn.:) arboreous : leaves oblong-elliptical ; flower- 
Searing peduncle longer than the leaves, compressed, pendulous : calycine- 
segments 4—5, each marked with an external gland: drupe with a very thick 
pericarp.—Gertn. fr. 2. p. 352, t, 156; Wight! cat. n. 361.—Niota pentapetala, 
Poir. encycl. meth. 4. p. 490; DC. prod. 1. p. 592.—N. tetrapetala, Wall.! 
(not Lam.) L. n. 6349.—N. Lamarckiana, Blume.—Vittmannia elliptica, Vahl, 
symb. 3. p. 5. t. 62? — Rheed. Mal. 6. t. 18. 
The N. tetrapetala of Lamarck is a large shrub from Madagascar, has leaves 
about 23 inches long and 1 broad, Kt Peut almost capsular: the present is 
à tall tree, and has the leaves 6-8 inches long, and 23 or 3 inches broad. 
N. lucida, Wall. L. n. 1062, and PI. As. rar. 2. p. 54. t.168, Print 
fers from ours by the peduncles when in flower being erect and short, but 
when in fruit pendulous and elongated, as Vahl exhibits in his figure of 
Vittmannia elliptica, and which on that account we are more inclined to rc- 
fer to Wallich’s new species than to S. Indica. Dr Wallich says doubtfully of 
plant that the anthers open by 1 or 2 pores at the apex, but this is con- 
trary to the character both of the genus and of the order. 
ORDER L.—OCHNACEE. DC. 
Sepals 5, persistent: :estivation imbricated. Petals hypogynous, 
equal to or rarely more numerous than the sepals, deciduous, spread- 
mg: wstivation imbricated. Stamens 5, alternate with the petals, or 
