78 British Uredinece and UstilaginecF. 



observers have found that they even germinate after seven 

 and a half years.* 



U. Cardiii, F. v. W. — Kiihn found that teleutospores 

 in water produced prornycelia and small ovate promycelial 

 spores. t In nahrlosung yeast-colonies are produced very 

 abundantly, being from 5 to 8/i long, and from 3 to ^n 

 wide ; they very much resemble the cells of beer-yeast, but 

 of course they do not bud in saccharine media. | 



U. flosculoruni, D.C. {U. intermedia, Schroter). — 

 The germination has been studied by Schr6ter,§ who 

 found the spores, when placed in water, germinated very 

 quickly, for in twelve hours all had produced promycelia. 

 These attained a length of from 16 to 20/,(, and a width of 

 from 5 to 6}i ; they generally become triseptate, and bear 

 sporidia both laterally and terminally. These are shortly 

 ovate in form, and measure 6\x in length, and from 4 to 

 5/1 in width. In the course of thirty-six hours the 

 sporidia tend to become spherical. The promycelia have 

 a great tendency to fall away from the teleutospores and 

 subsequently to produce promycelial spores, so that they 

 become sporophores {fruchttrdger). The budding in 

 nahrlosung Brefeld || found to be so profuse as to be quite 

 phenomenal. The yeast-spores are from 4 to 5ju long, 

 and 4/z wide. 



U. violaca, Pers. {^U. antherarum, Fries). — The teleuto- 

 spores of this species are even better suited for observa- 

 tion than those of the one just described, inasmuch as, 

 being rather larger, the promycelia are proportionately 

 bigger, and the septation and spore-formation more easily 

 observed. The teleutospores germinate after a very short 



* Von Liebenberg, " Oesterr landw. Wochenblatt " (1879), Nos. 43, 44. 



t Kiihn in Rabenhorst's "Fungi Europrei," No. 1798. 



\ Brefeld, loc.dL, pp. 86-88, t. vi. figs. 1-16, 



§ Schroter, "Beitrage zur Biol.," bd. ii. heft. Hi. pp. 352, 353. 



II Brefeld, !oc. at., pp. 89, 90, t. vi. figs. 17-27- 



