Germination of Telcntospores of Ustilaginecp. 9 r 



either at their lower or upper ends ; after which one of 

 the branches grows onwards in its original direction, and 

 at its end develops a long, fusiform, secondary spore (Fig. 

 8). This falls ofif, and in its turn germinates by the pro- 

 trusion of a long, very narrow germ-tube. If the number 

 of the primary branches be odd, the odd one does not con- 

 jugate, but grows more slowly, and ultimately shows no 

 further change. Various deviations from the typical ger- 

 mination take place ; thus the promycelium itself can grow 

 into a germ-tube, or the primary whorl of branches may 

 send a branch downwards. In E. calendiilcE the process is 

 similar. 



E. ranunctdi. — In this species Brefeld * found that 

 conidia were produced upon the host-plant, and that in the 

 interior of the leaves a richly developed mycelium existed, 

 sending up conidiophores through the stomata. The fresh 

 conidia in nahrlosung produced a mycelium less extended, 

 but little different from that produced by the spores of 

 Tilletia under similar conditions. This very soon becomes 

 covered with conidia, which in their turn produce mycelia 

 and conidia again. Marshall Ward f found that the 

 conidia which are produced in spring are clavate or 

 elongate-oval in form ; that they germinate in from twenty- 

 four to thirty hours by emitting a delicate germ-tube from 

 both extremities, one of which grows, the other becoming 

 empty of protoplasm and septate. The growing germ-tube 

 generally becomes swollen into a secondary conidium when 

 the culture is made in water. From this secondary coni- 

 dium a branched germ-tube is emitted. If the conidia 

 germinate on a leaf, the formation of the secondary 

 conidia is rare. The germ-tubes enter the stomata, and 



* Brefeld, loc. cii., pp. 163, 164. 



t Marshall Ward, Phil. Trans, of the Roy. Soc, vol. 178 (1S87), B., 

 pp. 173-185. pities 10-13. 



