PHYLLOPOD CRUSTACEA 33 



Always sexual, usually a more or less even distribution of the sexes (in this case 

 about twice as many $ S as 9 9). Nuclei of the segmenting egg with 42 very small 

 chromosomes. Nuclei of the ova before emission of polar bodies with 21 diads (observed in 

 some of these specimens). Differences between specimens raised in brines of different densi- 

 ties not so marked as in the parthenogenetic Artemia; the caudal furca is never entirely 

 absent, even in specimens from the strongest brines. 



In the Tso Kar^ specimens the abdomen is consistently about 20% longer than the trunk 

 and head combined; the furca is somewhat reduced and bears from 3 to 10 setae on each 

 ramus. The mature 9 9 carry from to 40 eggs (average 17.2). The S 5 average 

 9.96 mm., and the 9 9 11.02 mm. in length. 



Professor Hutchinson brought back some viable eggs from Tso Kar which it has been 

 possible to raise in the laboratory, though so far only in brines more dilute than that of the 

 lake. As a consequence, the laboratory-raised specimens show better developed furcae and 

 relatively shorter abdomens than those preserved in the field. 



Genus Branchinecta Verrill 

 1869 Branchinecta Verrill. Am. Jour. Sci. (ser. 2) 48:250 



Nine postpedigerous segments, the last usually shortest. Basal joints of 2nd antennae 

 of <J perfectly separate; unarmed, or bearing 1 or more small processes of spines. Distal 

 joint of 2nd antennae of $ usually simple, falciform; triangular, oval, or subcircular in 

 cross section. Cercopods always jointed to last abdominal segment and freely movable. 

 Ovisac of 9 usually cylindrical, though very short in some species. 



About 10 species are known from North and South America, Europe, and Asia. Only 1 

 species reported from the Indian region, though B. paludosa is found in Siberia to the north, 

 and B. fcrox is found east to Odessa and Jerusalem. 



Branchinecta oriciitalis Ci. O. Sars 



1901 Branchinecta orientalis. Sars. Ann. Mus. Zool. Acad. Imp. St. Petersbourg. 6: 144 



Localities: Tibet: *Gyantse (coll. Maj. F. M.Bailey) 1 <5 , 2 9 9. 2-VII-23. 



Indian Tibet: Chushol, Western Tibet, pond below village. Altitude 4336 

 meters. About 20 5 5 9 9 . lO-VIII-32. 



Lake near Chushol. Altitude 4491 meters. IS. lO-VIII-32. 

 Togarma Tso. Altitude 5217 meters. 7 <5 3 , 2 9 9 . lO-Vn-32. 



Reported from: Hungary, Kecsemet; Russia, Charkov; 4 localities in the Pamir region 

 (sec. Daday) ; Eastern Mongolia, Chuntu-nor (sec. Sars and Daday) ; Russian Mon- 

 golia (sec. Smirnov) ; Tibet, Gyantse (sec. Gurney). 



Abdomen about the length of the head and tnink or a little longer, in both sexes. 

 Mandibles with a sharp dentiform process on the posterior comer of the chewing sur- 



' An analysis of Tso Kar water sliuvvs the following (figures are mg. per liter) : Total solids 79266; SiO= 25; 

 Fel.8; Al 5.2; Ca406; Mg2716; Na 16346; K5478; HCO3 2141 ; SO. 35075;' CI 11662. 



