REPORT ON F1?HES. PART i: COBITIDAE 311 



Nciiiacliiliis tcniticaiida (Steindachner ) 



1866. Cobitis tciuiicauda, Steimlachner, I'crli. ZattL-hot. Gcs. IJ'icii. W'l. p. 792, pi. .wii, fig. 3. 



1868. Ah^iinn-hiliis tcmiiamda, Giiiither, Cat. Fish. Brit. Miis. VII, p. 357. 



1922. Neutachihts tcnuicauda, Hora, Rcc. Ind. Mtts. XXIV, p. 79. 



1935. Nemachilus tcnuicauda, Hora & Miikerji, in Visser'.s Karakoniiii, I, \). 430. 



There is a single, mature, female specimen of Ne)itachilHS tcnuicauda, alx)ut 62 mm. in 

 total length ; it was collected by the Expedition from a pool in a swamp by Sta-rtsak-i)uk 

 Tso at an altitude of 14,885 feet. It is a small species and was originally collected from a 

 small brill ik in Western Tibet. It is also known from Leh and the Nubra Valley. 



The ovaries occupy only the posterior half of the abdominal cavity. The air-bladder 

 is reduced and enclosed in two bony capsules. The length of the alimentary canal is about 

 seven-tenths of the total length of the fish. The food consists of Dipterous and Trichoj)- 

 terous larvae and of insect eggs. The long and narrow caudal peduncle indicates that the 

 species lives in turbulent waters.^" 



A'Ciinicliilits 7'ittiifiis ( Meckel ) 



1838. Cobitis vittata, Ilcckel, Fischc Kaschni., p. 80, pi. xii, figs. 3 and 4. 

 1844. Cobitis vittata, Heckel, in Hugel's Kashmir IV, p. 382, fig. 

 1922. Nemachilus vittatus, Hora, Rcc. Ind. Mits. XXIV, p. 74. 



1930. NcmachUus vittatus, Hora, Journ. Bombay- Nat. Hist. Soc. XXXIV, p. 379 (air-bladder 

 structure). 



Nemachilus vittatus is represented by 40 speiimens in the cullection of the Yale North 

 India Expeditinn; of these 33 are from the Wular Lake and 7 from a small lake at Shad- 

 ipur. The Wular Lake specimens were dredged at Kiuhiuis. Though a lake form, 

 N. vittatus appears tn be a bottom-living species and, in cunsequence, is fievnid of a free 

 air-bladder in the abdominal cavity. The two lateral chambers are large and lie next to 

 the skin as the Ixiny capsule is incomplete in that region. The alimentary canal is four- 

 fifths of the total length of the fish. The food consists of algae, mud, insect larvae, 

 leeches, etc. 



The species exhibits well marked sexual dimorphism and the secondary sexual char- 

 acters of the males are similar to those of the other species described in this paper. The 

 gonads were ripe towards the end of April when the specimens were collected. The ovaries 

 occupy almost the whole of the abdominal cavity and the eggs are of a relatively large size. 



Of the 40 specimens obtained by the Expedition, 24 are females and 16 are males, 

 giving a percentage of 60 females and 40 males. L^sually the males predominate in collec- 

 tions as the females are of rather secretive habits, but in this case the dredge used seems 

 to have made a considerabfe difference in the projiortional representation of sexes in the 

 collection. 



Nemachilus deTerrai, sp. nov. 



D./38; A.2/5; P.IO; V.7; C.16 



Nemachilus deTerrai is a long and slender species in which the head and the anterior 

 part of the liody are slightly depressed, while the posterior part, especially the tail region, 

 is compressed and whip-like. The head is moderately long and broadly pointed ; its length 



"Hora, Phil Trans. Roy. Soc. London (B) CCXVIII, pp. 250-25-4 (1930). 



