ccx FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS 



uplands of Hawaii some of them occur in extraordinary profusion, liundreds or thousands 

 having been noticed on a single tree. 



Although the adults present apparently very feeble characters for specific separation, 

 yet the nymphs by their bristles and ornamentation are often more easily distinguished. 

 Consequently one may breed from nymphs of the most distinctive appearance adult 

 hoppers that greatly resemble one another. 



The superficially distinct species N. ponapona and N. piptitri are sometimes found 

 on the selfsame tree of Pipturus, a very remarkable case, unless they be dimorphic 

 forms of a single species. 



The species of Nesophrosyne are subject to the attacks of a parasitic fungus, which, 

 on the uplands of Hawaii, we have found, at times, to amount to a severe epidemic. 

 On one occasion countless thousands of one or more species were to be seen sticking 

 on the leaves of the trees, all dead, those in which the development of the fungus had 

 not proceeded far, being still life-like in appearance. The eggs of these Tettigoniids 

 are extensively parasitized by the Mymarid genus Polynema, but neither Dryinid nor 

 Pipunculid' have been obtained from nymph or adult, in striking contrast with what 

 occurs in other countries. 



The other known members of the Jassoid group are of comparatively little interest, 

 though Liniotettix is, I think, certainly represented by truly endemic species. A species 

 of Conosanus (C. hospes) extremely common in gardens in Honolulu is certainly intro- 

 duced and of no interest. Its introduction is quite recent. 



Chermidae. — Better known as Psyllidae, these insects are represented by rather 

 numerous species, in fact the gall growths formed by Trioza on the predominant tree 

 i^Metrosidems) of the Hawaiian forests are one of the most familiar entomological sights 

 in the islands, while others on various species of Pelea are sufficiently common. 

 Although these gall-forming species are so numerous in individuals, a number of species 

 of Hevahcva with picturated tegmina occur much more rarely and locally, though no 

 doubt the species are rather numerous. If they produce gall-growths, these have not 

 yet been discovered. 



Aphidae. — The members of this family are of little or no interest faunistically, 

 since probably all of them have been imported with introduced plants. In this connec- 

 tion however it is proper to state that formerly, 1892-1896, a species of Myzus (?) was 

 very abundant throughout the mountains, especially attacking the species oi Pclea, other 

 species of Aphids being hardly met with in the forests at the earlier date. This Pclea- 

 frequenting species seems to have been practically exterminated by the ladybirds 

 (especially Coelophora inaequalis) introduced to diminish the attacks of foreign Aphids, 

 on which Coelophora now maintains itself in the mountains. 



' P. rotundipennis belonging to a different section of the genus from that including the other known 

 species, may be parasitic on Tettigoniids. 



