INTRODUCTION ■ ccxi 



CocciDAE and Aleurodidae. — These families are of no importance in the present 

 connection, probably all the many species of the former and certainly all the few repre- 

 sentatives of the latter having been introduced with plants. 



Review of Thysanoptera. 



The Hawaiian Thysanoptera have so far only been collected casually, and of late 

 years many introduced forms have become conspicuous around Honolulu and elsewhere. 



So far as I can judge, the endemic fauna is entirely restricted to the Tubulifera 

 and all the Terebrantia will prove to have been imported by man. Even of the former 

 we may suspect that Agnostochthona, Diceratothrips, and possibly Trichothrips are 

 represented only by foreign species, while Anthothrips iisitatus is certainly an importa- 

 tion. This leaves us with only four genera, all peculiar to the islands, which at present 

 must be considered as truly native. Three of the four genera, Derniothrips, Oedeniothrips 

 and Nesoih'ips, contain only a single species, while the other, Do/erotkrips, has nine, 

 and is evidently dominant in the islands. I believe that all the native species are 

 attached to dead wood, flower-frequenting species being absent. All the specimens 

 obtained by me were found whilst 1 was collecting beetles, and no special search for 

 Thysanoptera was made. Individuals of some species are quite numerous, and they 

 seem to occur everywhere in the mountain forests. 



Review of Orthoptera. 



At the present time the Hawaiian Orthoptera are represented by 83 species, 38 or 

 39 of which are certainly endemic, while 44 or 45 are apodemic and have mostly, no 

 doubt, been introduced by man's agency. 



The Phasmoidea are entirely absent from the fauna, while the Mantoidea are 

 represented by two species of recent introduction and the Acridioidea by two foreign 

 species, one of quite recent importation (1900) and one established here many years 

 ao-o. These three great groups were therefore quite wanting in the fauna under natural 

 conditions, though two of them now are represented by common foreign species brought 

 accidentally with plants since the colonization of the islands by white men. 



Hardly better represented are the Dermaptera, Forficuloidea or Earwigs and the 

 Blattoidea or Cockroaches. Though there are seventeen species of the latter, now 

 known as Hawaiian, one only has any claim to be considered endemic, a true forest 

 insect, Phyllodrornia obtusata. It is just possible that one or two other species are 

 natural immigrants, but I think this unlikely. 



The Earwigs are in nearly similar case, for while a few may be natural immigrants, 

 we know that three or four species have become introduced within quite recent years. 

 One, however, listed in this work as Anisolabis pacifica, will I think prove to be a 

 distinct species and endemic or at least a natural immigrant. 



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